Table 5 Binary logistic regression¹ for ACR > 3 mg/mmol (n = 1288)

Age (years)

Under 50

50–59

60–69

70–79

≥80

Reference

0.90 (0.50, 1.61)

0.80 (0.47, 1.39)

1.41 (0.83, 2.39)

2.26 (1.25, 4.09)

< 0.001

Gender

Male

Female

1.34 (1.03, 1.74)

Reference

0.03

BMI (kg/m²)

<25

25-29.9

30-34.9

≥35

Reference

0.91 (0.60, 1.38)

1.11 (0.72, 1.70)

1.12 (0.70, 1.78)

0.55

Smoker

Yes

No

1.10 (0.74, 1.63)

Reference

0.65

Clinical/Lab Variables

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

≤5

>5

Reference

0.89 (0.53, 1.50)

0.67

LDL (mmol/L)

<3

≥3

Missing

Reference

1.00 (0.60, 1.67)

1.86 (0.62, 5.60)

0.53

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²)

<60

≥60

1.89 (1.39, 2.56)

Reference

< 0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

≤140

>140

Reference

1.75 (1.34, 2.29)

< 0.001

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

≤ 58

> 58

Reference

1.76 (1.33, 2.34)

< 0.001