Table 1 Key features of respondents with and without a Kakaritsuke-I

Proportions (%) and chi-squared tests for their differences

Periodic doctor visits

48.3

66.6

28.8

< 0.001

Sex

Female

50.5

53.5

47.4

< 0.001

Marital status

Married

50.9

57.0

44.5

< 0.001

Family

Living alone

19.7

15.2

24.6

< 0.001

Educational attainment^a

Junior high school

2.5

2.1

2.8

0.090

High school

39.9

41.0

38.6

0.083

Junior college

11.5

13.2

9.6

< 0.001

College or above

46.2

43.7

48.9

< 0.001

Job status^a

Regular employee

41.9

35.7

48.5

< 0.001

Non-regular employee

19.7

20.3

19.0

0.235

Self-employment worker

6.7

7.7

5.6

0.002

Unemployed

20.8

26.2

15.1

< 0.001

Out of labor force

2.9

2.9

2.9

0.979

Student

8.0

7.2

8.9

0.022

Sample means and Welch’s t-tests for their differences

Self-related health

M

2.43

2.57

2.27

< 0.001

(range: 1 [good] − 5 [poor])

SD

(1.14)

(1.15)

(1.11)

Age

M

44.2

48.5

39.6

< 0.001

(years)

SD

(17.0)

(17.7)

(15.0)

Household income

M

6.18

6.38

5.97

0.057

(annual, million JPY)

SD

(7.83)

(8.06)

(7.58)

Number of doctors

M

2.73

2.73

2.72

0.811

(per 1000 persons)

SD

(0.45)

(0.44)

(0.45)

N

5,234

2,698

2,536