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Table 4 Comparative results

From: Effectiveness of an exercise intervention based on preactivation of the abdominal transverse muscle in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain in primary care: a randomized control trial

Results (n = 35)

Outcome

Group

Mean change

(SE)

Mean difference

(95% CI)

Effect size

pvalue

VAS

(0–10)

Control (19)

Experimental (16)

-2.1 (0.38)

-0.1 (0.35)

-1.2 (-2.98 to 0.56)

0.05

0.17

RMQ

(0–24)

Control (19)

Experimental (16)

0.7 (0.8)

-3.8 (0.87)

-2.9 (-5.6 to -0.35)

0.14

0.02*

Activation TrA-PBU (mmHg)

Control (19)

Experimental (16)

-0.6 (0.37)

2.5 (0.4)

2.3 (0.91 to 3.67)

0.25

0.02*

Thickness TrA-US (mm)

Control (19)

Experimental (16)

-0.22 (0.1)

0.74 (0.2)

0.5 (-0.4 to 1.4)

0.03

0.26

Resistance TrA-EMG (mV)

Control (19)

Experimental (16)

-0.001 (0.009)

0.009 (0.01)

0.03 (-0.01 to 0.07)

0.06

0.15

  1. *Statistically significant difference. SE: Standard Error. CI: Confidence Interval. VAS: Visual Analogue Scale. RMQ: Roland-Morris Questionnaire. TrA: Abdominal Transverse Muscle. PBU: Pressure Biofeedback Unit. US: Ultrasound. EMG: Electromyography. Partial Eta squared, F and p-values were calculated using a two-way mixed ANOVA