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Table 3 Unadjusted proportions and adjusted odds ratios (multivariate logistic regression) of anxiety problems managed with different strategies, by patient characteristics

From: Anxiety management in Australian general practice: an analysis of encounters from 2006 – 2016

 

Benzodiazepines

SSRIs or SNRIs

CAE

Psychologist Referral

Variable

Proportion

(95%CI)

Adjusted OR

(95%CI)

Proportion

(95% CI)

Adjusted OR

(95%CI)

Proportion

(95% CI)

Adjusted OR

(95%CI)

Proportion

(95% CI)

Adjusted OR

(95%CI)

Patient sex

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 

p = .729

 

p = .055

 Male

34.3% (32.8–35.7)

Ref group

39.5% (38.2–40.8)

Ref group

11.8% (11.1–12.6)

Ref group

19.9% (18.9–20.8)

Ref group

 Female

28.1% (27.2–29.0)

0.81 (0.75–0.87)

45.6% (44.7–46.6)

1.21 (1.13–1.29)

12.4% (11.9–12.9)

1.02 (0.92–1.12)

21.6% (20.9–22.3)

1.08 (1.00–1.17)

Patient age

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 0–14 years

0.1% (-0.1–0.4)

0.01 (< 0.001–0.04)

39.5% (35.7–43.4)

0.76 (0.60–0.96)

39.1% (35.3–42.9)

26.06 (15.9–42.73)

6.5% (4.7–8.3)

0.37 (0.25–0.55)

 15–24 years

10.1% (8.9–11.4)

0.25 (0.20–0.30)

50.2% (48.0–52.3)

1.38 (1.17–1.63)

23.1% (21.4–24.9)

14.14 (8.86–22.55)

26.4% (24.6–28.1)

1.90 (1.56–2.31)

 25–39 years

26.3% (24.8–27.8)

0.72 (0.62–0.84)

45.3% (43.8–46.9)

1.20 (1.05–1.39)

16.7% (15.7–17.7)

10.00 (6.29–15.90)

24.5% (23.3–25.6)

1.78 (1.49–2.14)

 40–59 years

32.2% (30.9–33.4)

0.87 (0.75–0.99)

43.9% (42.7–45.2)

1.22 (1.06–1.39)

10.5% (9.8–11.1)

6.73 (4.25–10.65)

22.2% (21.3–23.1)

1.55 (1.30–1.85)

 60–80 years

39.1% (37.8–40.5)

0.88 (0.77–1.01)

41.0% (39.5–42.4)

1.12 (0.99–1.28)

5.0% (4.4–5.5)

3.43 (2.15–5.49)

17.0% (16.0–18.0)

1.30 (1.08–1.56)

 80 + years

44.0% (41.5–46.4)

Ref group

37.9% (35.5–40.4)

Ref group

1.5% (0.9–2.1)

Ref group

13.0% (11.4–14.6)

Ref group

Socioeconomic status

 

p < .0001

 

p = .095

 

p = .317

 

p = .380

 Most advantaged

27.0% (26.0–27.9)

0.85 (0.78–0.92)

45.6% (44.5–46.7)

1.07 (0.99–1.16)

13.3% (12.7–13.9)

1.06 (0.95–1.18)

21.3% (20.5–22.0)

1.04 (0.95–1.13)

 Most disadvantaged

35.4% (34.0–36.7)

Ref group

40.6% (39.3–41.9)

Ref group

10.4% (9.8–11.1)

Ref group

20.6% (19.7–21.5)

Ref group

Indigenous statusa

 

p = 0.227

 

p = .179

 

p = .529

 

p = .445

 Indigenous

37.9% (32.3–43.5)

1.18 (0.90–1.54)

35.1% (29.6–40.6)

0.83 (0.62–1.09)

12.3% (8.9–15.8)

1.12 (0.78–1.61)

21.9% (17.7–26.0)

1.11 (0.85–1.46)

 Non-Indigenous

30.5% (29.5–31.4)

Ref group

43.9% (43.0–44.9)

Ref group

12.1% (11.6–12.6)

Ref group

20.8% (20.2–21.5)

Ref group

Language background

 

p < .0001

 

p = .0005

 

p = .0001

 

p = .003

 Non-English speaking

28.2% (25.5–30.8)

0.73 (0.63–0.85)

51.6% (48.7–54.6)

1.28 (1.11–1.47)

7.9% (6.5–9.3)

0.64 (0.51–0.80)

15.4% (13.5–17.3)

0.77 (0.65–0.92)

 English speaking

30.8% (29.8–31.7)

Ref group

43.3% (42.3–44.2)

Ref group

12.3% (11.8–12.9)

Ref group

21.2% (20.6–21.9)

Ref group

Commonwealth HCC

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 Yes

42.2% (40.9–43.5)

2.50 (2.31–2.72)

39.1% (37.9–40.3)

0.80 (0.75–0.86)

8.0% (7.5–8.6)

0.78 (0.70–0.86)

17.2% (16.4–17.9)

0.66 (0.61–0.71)

 No

18.4% (17.6–19.2)

Ref group

48.5% (47.4–49.7)

Ref group

16.3% (15.6–17.0)

Ref group

24.9% (24.0–25.8)

Ref group

Type of anxiety

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 

p < .0001

 New problem

16.3% (15.2–17.4)

0.43 (0.39–0.48)

55.6% (54.0–57.2)

1.85 (1.71–2.01)

20.8% (19.6–22.1)

2.05 (1.85–2.27)

16.9% (15.8–18.1)

0.62 (0.56–0.68)

 Existing problem

34.6% (33.4–35.7)

Ref group

40.6% (39.5–41.7)

Ref group

10.0% (9.5–10.5)

Ref group

23.6% (22.8–24.3)

Ref group

  1. OR Odds ratio, SSRIs Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SNRIs Serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitors, HCC Health care card, CAE Counselling / advice / education
  2. aAboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (patient self-report)