Patient activation in adults attending appointments in general practice: a cross-sectional study

BMC Primary Care

Table 3 Patient activation in persons with or without diabetes and with or without elevated T2D risk

	Total study population	Self-reported diabetes			Elevated T2D risk^a
		Yes	No		Yes	No
	N = 1,173	n = 128	n = 1,045	p	n = 256	n = 789	p
PAM-13 scores (0–100)	69.8 ± 14.8	70.9 ± 15.9	69.7 ± 14.6	.400	68.5 ± 13.0	70.5 ± 15.1	.110
PAM-13 levels				.502			.089
Level 1—Disengaged and overwhelmed	67 (5.7)	7 (5.5)	60 (5.7)		12 (4.7)	48 (6.1)
Level 2—Becoming aware, but still struggling	74 (6.3)	10 (7.8)	64 (6.1)		18 (7.0)	46 (5.8)
Level 3—Taking action and gaining control	619 (52.8)	60 (46.9)	559 (53.5)		152 (59.4)	407 (51.6)
Level 4—Maintaining behaviours and pushing further	413 (35.2)	51 (39.8)	362 (34.7)		74 (28.9)	288 (36.5)

Data are mean ± SD or n (%). We used t-tests and Chi-squared tests
Abbreviations: T2D type 2 diabetes, PAM-13 13-item Patient Activation Measure
^aElevated risk of T2D defined as FINDRISC ≥ 15 and/or BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²
PAM-13 levels and related scores: level 1 = 0–47.0, level 2 = 47.1–55.1, level 3 = 55.2–67.0, level 4 = 67.1–100

ISSN: 2731-4553