Table 4 Overview of CFIR domains and constructs and the inductively developed categories and sub-categories describing the HCPs’ expectations of implementing a healthy lifestyle-promoting practice
CFIR domain | CFIR construct | Category and sub-category |
|---|---|---|
Innovation characteristics | Complexity | Changing to a healthy lifestyle-promoting practice is challenging and requires persistence to achieve sustainability • Changing to a healthy lifestyle-promoting practice is difficult (barrier) • Behaviour change is challenging to address and achieve as an HCP (barrier) |
Outer setting | Patient needs and resources | A healthy lifestyle-promoting practice meets patients’ needs and should be co-produced with the patient • A healthy lifestyle-promoting practice serves the needs of the patients (facilitator) • Patients’ positive expectations of health promotion in PHC (facilitator) • Patients’ needs and preferences must be considered while avoiding infringing on the patient’s autonomy (facilitator) |
Characteristics of individuals | Knowledge and beliefs | Understanding the purpose of changing to a healthy lifestyle-promoting practice is crucial • Shared beliefs and knowledge on the impact of health promotion (facilitator) • Insufficient knowledge of guidelines and tools for health promotion (barrier) |
Self-efficacy | • Beliefs in capabilities but uncertainty in practicalities (facilitator/barrier) | |
Individual stage of change | • Variations from enthusiasm to potential reluctance in the ability to change health-promoting practice (facilitator/barrier) | |
Other personal attributes | • Desire to work with health promotion and make a positive contribution (facilitator) | |
Inner setting | Networks and communications | Need structures, inter-professional teams and a sense of common purpose for a healthy lifestyle-promoting practice • Other HCPs’ competence and health-promoting practices are unknown (barrier) |
Implementation climate | • The necessity that all HCPs participate and work mutually towards the same goal (facilitator/barrier) | |
- Tension for change | • A health-promoting practice is crucial for future PHC (facilitator) • A health-promoting practice is better than standard practice (facilitator) | |
- Compatibility | • A healthy lifestyle-promoting practice is compatible with current practice but needs improved structures (facilitator/barrier) | |
- Goals and feedback | • Importance of goals and feedback (barrier) |