Table 3 Associations determined using an adjusted logistical GEE model

Patient variables

 Patient age

  18–34 years

1

1

1

  35–50 years

0.78 (0.58–1.04)

0.084

0.78 (0.59–1.05)

0.096

0.75 (0.56–1.01)

0.056

  50–65 years

0.69 (0.52–0.91)

0.008

0.74 (0.56–0.98)

0.033

0.65 (0.49–0.86)

0.003

 Gender female

1.28 (1.03–1.59)

0.024

1.30 (1.05–1.62)

0.011

1.29 (1.04–1.60)

0.020

 Number of associated healthcare procedures

  0–3

1

1

1

  4–6

0.73 (0.57–0.93)

0.013

0.73 (0.57–0.93)

0.016

0.73 (0.57–0.94)

0.014

  > 6

0.68 (0.50–0.94)

0.018

0.70 (0.51–0.96)

0.027

0.69 (0.50–0.95)

0.022

GP variables

 GP age > 50 years

0.50 (0.39–0.63)

 < 0.001

0.50 (0.40–0.63)

 < 0.001

0.50 (0.39–0.63)

 < 0.001

 Practice location

  Rural

1

1

1

  Semi-urban

0.62 (0.42–0.90)

0.013

0.62 (0.43–0.91)

0.018

0.61 (0.42–0.90)

0.011

  Urban

0.84 (0.58–1.21)

0.344

0.85 (0.59–1.23)

0.325

0.83 (0.57–1.20)

0.319

 Type of practice

  Alone

1

1

1

  Group

0.98 (0.74–1.30)

0.902

0.98 (0.74–1.30)

0.806

0.99 (0.74–1.31)

0.924

  Multidisciplinary team

0.62 (0.43–0.90)

0.011

0.62 (0.43–0.90)

0.009

0.63 (0.43–0.91)

0.014

 Number of consultations per year

   > 5000

0.79 (0.63–0.99)

0.038

0.80 (0.64–1.00)

0.052

0.78 (0.62–0.98)

0.032

Geographical variables

 FDep

  Q1

1

1

1

  Q2

0.73 (0.52–1.00)

0.053

0.74 (0.53–1.02)

0.079

0.73 (0.52–1.01)

0.054

  Q3

0.61 (0.41–0.90)

0.013

0.62 (0.42–0.92)

0.011

0.60 (0.40–0.89)

0.011

  Q4

0.60 (0.40–0.90)

0.013

0.61 (0.40–0.91)

0.009

0.59 (0.39–0.89)

0.012

 Spine symptoms (versus any other)

1.47 (1.18–1.83)

 < 0.001

-

-

-

-

 Shoulder symptoms (versus any other)

1.66 (1.20–2.29)

0.002

-

-

-

-