Table 3 Factors predicting inappropriate use of antibiotics on multivariate analysis
Characteristic | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
Physician-related factors Sex: ref = Female | ||
Male | 1.08 (1.04, 1.11) | <0.001 |
Age: ref = 23–32 years | ||
33–40 | 1.17 (1.12, 1.22) | <0.001 |
41–65 | 1.38 (1.28, 1.49) | <0.001 |
Professional title: ref = Associate chief physician | ||
Attending physician | 1.83 (1.68, 2.00) | <0.001 |
Resident physician | 1.42 (1.32, 1.54) | <0.001 |
Education: ref = College | ||
Junior college | 1.08 (1.05, 1.12) | <0.001 |
Technical secondary school | 1.49 (1.42, 1.57) | <0.001 |
Work duration: ref = ≤5 (years) | ||
6–10 | 1.31 (1.26, 1.37) | <0.001 |
11–20 | 0.82 (0.77, 0.87) | <0.001 |
21–30 | 0.73 (0.67,0.80) | <0.001 |
31–39 | 0.53 (0.49, 0.58) | <0.001 |
≥ 40 | 1.63 (1.40, 1.90) | <0.001 |
Patient-related factors Sex: ref = Female | ||
Male | 0.92 (0.90, 0.95) | <0.001 |
Age: ref [0,1] (years) | ||
(1,2] | 0.88 (0.81, 0.94) | <0.001 |
(2,5] | 0.70 (0.65, 0.75) | <0.001 |
(5,11] | 0.64 (0.60, 0.68) | <0.001 |
(11,18] | 0.69 (0.64, 0.74) | <0.001 |
Quartera: ref Q1 | ||
Q2 | 1.00 (0.96, 1.05) | 0.8496 |
Q3 | 1.10 (1.06, 1.15) | <0.001 |
Q4 | 1.08 (1.05, 1.13) | <0.001 |
Route: ref = Injection | ||
Oral | 0.96 (0.93, 1.00) | 0.0614 |
Insurance: ref = Fully out-of-pocket | ||
New rural cooperative medical system | 1.32 (1.27, 1.38) | <0.001 |