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Table 5 Explanation of the factors within the theme “complaint factors”

From: Factors used by general practitioners for referring patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a qualitative study

Factors

Definition

Quote

Comorbidity

The occurrence of two or more complaints in one patient at the same time.

“Especially if there are indeed often several problems in play…. for example. I have had a patient with a car accident and he does indeed continue to have chronic neck pain, but also has concentration problems and forgetfulness, so several complaints in several areas” (GP1).

Complexity

The complexity of the pain, estimated by the GP as more or less complex.

“...for more complex problems, I refer to Roessingh (3rd line care) and for simpler problems to Medinello (2nd line care)” (GP3).

Vicious cycle

Patients who were experiencing struggles in multiple domains, often psychological or physical problems combined with social or work problems. These different types of problems increased the other problem, which caused a circularity which was hard to break.

“When a patient gets stuck in a vicious cycle, for example: the patient does not move or exercise anymore because of the pain.” (GP5).