Skip to main content

Table 3 Factors associated with Implicit Association Test and with the Hudelson score: betas from the linear regression models

From: Implicit and explicit ethnic biases in multicultural primary care: the case of trainee general practitioners

 

Implicit Association Test (-2, 2)

Hudelson score (5–35) b

Covariates:

β a

CI95%

p-value

β

CI95%

p-value

Age (years)

0.00

(-0.03, 0.04)

0.93

0.03

(-0.09, 0.68)

0.13

Sex (ref = Male)

      

  Female

-0.05

(-0.18, 0.08)

0.49

-2.02

( -3.46, -0.57)

 < 0.01

Type of practice (ref = Solo)

  Group practice

0.07

( -0.07, 0.21)

0.32

-1.24

( -2.75, 0.28)

0.11

  Mixed practice

0.01

( -0.34, 0.37)

0.94

-2.68

( -6.61, 1.25)

0.18

Ethnicity (ref = White)

  Arab

-0.54

( -0.76, -0.31)

 < .0001

-0.41

( -2.90, 2.08)

0.75

  African

-0.08

( -0.40, 0.23)

0.60

1.57

( -1.96, 5.09)

0.38

  Other or mixed

-0.29

( -0.51, -0.07)

0.01

-1.51

( -3.96, 0.94)

0.23

Political opinion (ref = Right-wing)

  Centre

0.03

(-0.17, 0.12)

0.72

-0.36

(-1.97,1.24)

0.66

  Left (e.g. Socialist)

-0.16

(-0.32, -0.01)

0.03

-3.07

(-4.74, -1.40)

 < .001

Practice area (ref = Urban)

  Suburban

-0.04

(-0.25, 0.16)

0.67

-1.92

(-4.30, 0.46)

0.11

  Rural

-0.05

(-0.26, 0.17)

0.65

-0.42

(-2.94, 2.09)

0.74

Frequency of contact with North Africans

-0.05

(-0.10, 0.01)

0.07

0.13

(-0.49, 0.74)

0.69

Workload (no. of patients/day)

-0.00

(-0.01, 0.01)

0.95

0.06

(-0.06, 0.19)

0.30

Proportion of patients of foreign origin

-0.04

(-0.26, 0.17)

0.70

-0.37

(-3.00, 2.26)

0.78

R2-range

[0.16–0.24]

[0.09–0.17]

  1. a β are adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity and type of practice; bold coefficients have p-value < 0.05
  2. b Low scores indicate that the responsibility to adapt is considered to lie with the health care professionals, whereas high scores indicate that it is considered to lie with the migrants
  3. c Table with all R-squared is in appendix 4