Table 1 Baseline characteristics between non-participants and participants, n (column %) and total n = 700, unless stated otherwise
|  | Total | Non-participants | Participants | χ2/t/MW statistic | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oral anti-diabetic agents | Â | Â | Â | 2.03 | 0.180 |
 Yes | 632 (91.2) | 323 (89.7) | 309 (92.8) |  |  |
 No | 61 (8.8) | 37 (10.3) | 24 (7.2) |  |  |
Insulin | Â | Â | Â | 0.61 | 0.437 |
 Yes | 271 (39.0) | 146 (40.4) | 125 (37.5) |  |  |
 No | 423 (61.0) | 215 (59.6) | 208 (62.5) |  |  |
Oral anti-hypertensive agents | Â | Â | Â | 1.05 | 0.347 |
 Yes | 612 (88.2) | 314 (87.0) | 298 (89.5) |  |  |
 No | 82 (11.8) | 47 (13.0) | 35 (10.5) |  |  |
Lipid-lowering agents | |||||
 Yes | 538 (77.5) | 261 (72.3) | 277 (83.2) |  |  |
 No | 156 (22.5) | 100 (27.7) | 56 (16.8) | 11.78 | 0.001 |
Total number of prescribed medication, n = 694 |  |  |  | -0.91 | 0.364 |
 Mean (SD) | 5.2 (1.8) | 5.1 (1.9) | 5.2 (1.7) |  |  |
 Median (IQR) | 5.0 (2.0) | 5.0 (2.0) | 5.0 (2.0) |  |  |
 Minimum | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |  |  |
 Maximum | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 |  |  |
Clinic | Â | Â | Â | 8.22 | 0.016 |
 Seri Kembangan | 224 (32.0) | 44 (29.7) | 180 (32.6) |  |  |
 Dengkil | 123 (17.6) | 16 (10.8) | 107 (19.4) |  |  |
 Salak | 353 (50.4) | 88 (59.5) | 265 (48.0) |  |  |
Age in year, mean (SD) | 59.9 (10.2) | 59.7 (11.2) | 60.0 (9.9) | -0.30 | 0.764 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | 0.11 | 0.738 |
 Female | 368 (52.6) | 76 (51.4) | 292 (52.9) |  |  |
 Male | 332 (47.4) | 72 (48.6) | 260 (47.1) | ||
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | 6.62 | 0.037 |
 Malay | 367 (52.9) | 92 (62.2) | 275 (50.4) |  |  |
 Chinese | 162 (23.3) | 29 (19.6) | 133 (24.4) | ||
 Indian | 165 (23.8) | 27 (18.2) | 138 (25.3) | ||
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | 0.03 | 0.853 |
 Married/living with a partner | 551 (82.2) | 120 (82.8) | 431 (82.1) |  |  |
 Divorced/Separated/Widow/Single | 119 (17.8) | 25 (17.2) | 94 (17.9) | ||
Education level | Â | Â | Â | 10.24 | 0.006 |
 Primary/None | 259 (37.6) | 41 (28.1) | 218 (40.1) |  |  |
 Secondary | 310 (45.0) | 69 (47.3) | 241 (44.4) | ||
 Tertiary | 120 (17.4) | 36 (24.7) | 84 (15.5) | ||
Employment status | Â | Â | Â | 0.02 | 0.988 |
 Employed | 315 (45.2) | 66 (44.9) | 249 (45.3) |  |  |
 Retired | 172 (24.7) | 37 (25.2) | 135 (24.5) | ||
 Unemployed/Homemaker | 210 (30.1) | 44 (29.9) | 166 (30.2) | ||
Life event in the past 6Â months | Â | Â | Â | 0.77 | 0.379 |
 Yes | 59 (17.6) | 6 (24.0) | 53 (17.0) |  |  |
 No | 277 (82.4) | 19 (76.0) | 258 (83.0) | ||
Any diabetes complication | Â | Â | Â | 0.07 | 0.796 |
 No | 613 (87.7) | 128 (87.1) | 485 (87.9) |  |  |
 Yes | 86 (12.3) | 19 (12.9) | 67 (12.1) | ||
Diabetes Duration in year, median (IQR) n = 677 | 4 (6.0) | 4 (5.0) | 5 (6.0) | 39.80 | 0.699 |
HPT Duration in year, median (IQR) n = 515 | 5 (6.0) | 4 (6.0) | 5 (7.0) | 25.05 | 0.033 |
BMI, mean (SD) n = 684 | 29 (5.7) | 29 (6.7) | 29 (5.4) | 0.94 | 0.348 |
HbA1c in %, mean (SD) n = 621 | 8 (2.1) | 9 (2.2) | 8 (2.1) | 1.25 | 0.213 |
Hypertension status | Â | Â | Â | 0.46 | 0.498 |
 No | 149 (21.7) | 28 (19.6) | 121 (22.2) |  |  |
 Yes | 539 (78.3) | 115 (80.4) | 424 (77.8) | ||
SBP in mmHg, mean (SD) n = 695 | 137 (17.7) | 140 (17.2) | 136 (17.7) | 2.35 | 0.019 |
DBP in mmHg, mean (SD) n = 695 | 79 (12.2) | 80 (12.6) | 79 (12.1) | 0.68 | 0.499 |
Dyslipidaemia status | Â | Â | Â | 7.54 | 0.006 |
 No | 408 (60.6) | 99 (70.7) | 309 (58.0) |  |  |
 Yes | 265 (39.4) | 41 (29.3) | 224 (42.0) | ||
LDL-C in mmol/L, mean (SD) n = 566 | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.2) | 3 (0.9) | 2.09 | 0.039 |