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Table 4 Accuracy, discriminatory and predictive tests for the cohort DAHL, improved cohort DAHL, and GP-HLA assessments of health literacy

From: Can patients with low health literacy be identified from routine primary care health records? A cross-sectional and prospective analysis

Analysis stagea

Sensitivity

(95% CI)

Specificity

(95%CI)

PPV

(95% CI)

NPV

(95% CI)

AUC

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

Percentage variance (R2 × 100)

Stage i) Application of Cohort DAHL

36.4% (20.4 to 54.9)

84.7% (82.7 to 86.5)

5.2% (3.3 to 8.0)

98.3% (97.8 to 98.7)

0.52 (0.48 to 0.56)

3.16 (1.5 to 6.5)

1%

Stage ii) Application of Improved Cohort DAHL

46.8% (40.2 to 53.7)

90.3% (88.5 to 92.0)

48.1% 42.5 to 53.8)

89.9% (88.6 to 90.9)

0.69 (0.65 to 0.73)

8.26 (5.9 to 11.5)

18.4%

Stage iv) Application of the GP-HLA

40.1% (33.9 to 46.6)

88.6% (86.7 to 90.3)

40.3% (35.1 to 45.6)

88.5% (87.4 to 89.5)

0.64 (0.60 to 0.69)

5.18 (3.8 to 7.1)

11.2%

  1. PPV Positive predicted Value, NPV Negative Predicted Value, AUC Area Under the Curve, OR Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, R2 Nagelkerke value, DAHL demographic assessment of health literacy
  2. aStage i variables (age, gender, age left full time education), Stage ii variables (age left full time education, comorbidity, employment, mental health, mobility), Stage iv variables (prescription frequency, comorbidity, deprivation, mental health)