Counting what counts: a systematic scoping review of instruments used in primary healthcare services to measure the wellbeing of Indigenous children and youth

Table 2 Characteristics of measurement instruments

Measurement instrument	Country	Developed for Indigenous children and or youth	Relational strength-based constructs	Administered through self-report	Valid and reliable for Indigenous sample	Useful for identifying wellbeing or risk level
Aboriginal Children’s Health and Well-Being Measure (ACHWM)	Canada	√	√	√	√	√
Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) for smoking	NZ	X	X	X	X	X
Children’s Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS)	NZ	X	√	X	√	√
Hospital admissions with a primary mental health diagnosis	Aus	X	X	X	√	√
Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7)	NZ	X	X	X	X	√
Kessler Distress Scale abridged version (K6 +)	Aus, USA	X	X	X	√	√
Outcome Rating Scale (ORS)	Aus	X	√	√	√	√
Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9 and a-PHQ-9)¹	Aus NZ	X	X	X	√	√
Session Rating Scale (SRS)	Aus	X	√	√	√	√
Strengths and Difficulties (SDQ)	Aus NZ	X	~	X	√	√
Strong Souls	Aus	√	~	√	X	X
Substance Abuse Choices Scale (SACS)	NZ	X	X	X	X	√
Westerman Aboriginal Symptoms Checklist- Youth (WASC-Y)	Aus	√	X	√	√	√
YouthCHAT	NZ	√	~	√	X	√

The a-PHQ 9 was adapted for use with an Australian Indigenous community [58]. The symbol √ denotes a clear description of this characteristic in the publication. The symbol ~ means that the characteristic was alluded to but not explicitly described. The symbol X means that the characteristic was not present

ISSN: 2731-4553