Counting what counts: a systematic scoping review of instruments used in primary healthcare services to measure the wellbeing of Indigenous children and youth

Table 1 Summary of the publications

Studies Author, year	Country	Measures reported	Target population of Indigenous children and youth		Study purpose
Studies Author, year	Country	Measures reported	Universal	Specific mental health concern	Describe development of Indigenous-specific tool	Trial Western measure with an Indigenous population	Identify wellbeing risks	Test to identify wellbeing improvement over time
Clark 2014 [40]	NZ	Children’s Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS); Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ); Substance Abuse Choices Scale (SACS)	✓	✓				✓
Coffin 2019 [47]	Aus	SDQ	✓			✓
Goodyear-Smith 2016 [55]; 2017 [54]; Thabrew 2019 [56]	NZ	YouthCHAT; Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST); Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7); Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9); SACS	✓		✓	✓		✓
Harriss 2018 [48]	Aus	Adapted Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (aPHQ-9)	✓			✓		✓
Mitchell 2011 [41]	USA	Kessler Distress Scale (K6 +)	✓			✓
Sabbioni 2018 [53]	Aus	Outcome Rating Scale (ORS); Session Rating Scale (SRS)	✓	✓		✓		✓
Thomas 2010 [42]; Gorman 2021 [57]	Aus	Strong Souls; Westerman Aboriginal Symptoms Checklist- Youth (WASC-Y); K6 +	✓		✓
Williamson 2010 [43], 2014 [49], 2016 [44]	Aus	SDQ	✓			✓		✓
Williamson 2018 [50]	Aus	ED presentations and hospital admissions		✓			✓
Young 2011, 2015 [45], 2015a [51, 58], 2016 [46], 2016a [52, 59], Usuba 2019 [60]	Canada	Aboriginal Children’s Health and Well-Being Measure (ACHWM)	✓		✓			✓

ISSN: 2731-4553