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Table 4 Mixed effects logistic regression analyses with the outcomes antibiotic prescription and advice to take analgesics

From: Influence of a guideline or an additional rapid strep test on antibiotic prescriptions for sore throat: the cluster randomized controlled trial of HALS (Hals und Antibiotika Leitlinien Strategien)

 

Model 1

Antibiotic prescription, N = 458

Model 2

Antibiotic prescription,

only intervention arms, N = 320

Model 3

Advice to take analgesics, N = 451

 

OR

95% CI

p-value

OR

95% CI

p-value

OR

95% CI

p-value

Arm

UC

1

  

–-

–-

–-

1

  

GL

2.35

0.71–7.76

0.161

1

  

6.17

1.40–27.13

0.016

GL-RADT

0.65

0.19–2.20

0.488

0.23

0.08–0.71

0.010

35.39

7.32–171.17

 < 0.001

GP gender

f vs. m

1.09

0.40–3.98

0.861

1.13

0.37–3.46

0.833

1.47

0.42–5.10

0.543

GP age

(years)

1.05

0.99–1.11

0.131

1.02

0.96–1.09

0.526

0.90

0.83–0.97

0.006

Teaching GP

0.98

0.36–2.66

0.962

0.49

0.17–1.39

0.178

2.12

0.60–7.51

0.243

Specialised for natural medicine

0.11

0.21–0.58

0.009

0.15

0.03–0.85

0.032

0.58

0.09–3.76

0.566

Patient gender f vs. m

0.92

0.51–1.64

0.768

0.80

0.39–1.66

0.547

1.12

0.62–2.04

0.710

Patient age

(years)

1.00

0.98–1.02

0.825

1.02

1.00–1.04

0.117

0.99

0.97–1.01

0.446

Severity of sore throat

light

1

  

1

  

1

  

moderate

0.81

0.20–3.20

0.762

0.66

0.11–3.81

0.640

0.88

0.22–3.53

0.860

severe

2.07

0.51–8.41

0.309

1.46

0.24–8.75

0.680

1.31

0.32–5.49

0.706

General impairment by the illness

severe vs. moderate

1.37

0.68–2.75

0.372

0.95

0.39–2.34

0.919

1.33

0.62–2.85

0.457

Fever yes vs. no

2.60

1.34–5.01

0.004

1.35

0.57–3.19

0.491

0.97

0.48–1.96

0.929

Wish to get a relieving remedy

7.31

2.58–20.72

 < 0.001

2.92

0.82–10.46

0.100

1.37

0.55–3.45

0.499

Wish to get an antibiotic

10.11

5.17–19.78

 < 0.001

12.18

5.17–28.70

 < 0.001

0.62

0.32–1.23

0.171

Centor or McIsaac score

 ≤ 2

–-

–-

–-

1

  

–-

–-

–-

 ≥ 3

–-

–-

–-

13.03

5.11–33.23

 < 0.001

–-

–-

–-

not done

–-

–-

–-

2.75

0.50–15.11

0.245

–-

–-

–-

  1. All models are cluster-corrected for GP-practice