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Table 2 Recommendations for operationalising an LHS in primary care settings

From: The journey to a learning health system in primary care: a qualitative case study utilising an embedded research approach

Domain

Description

Recommendation

Science and Informatics

Real time access to knowledge

• Providing access to subscription based educational platforms.

• Hosting lunchtime teaching sessions on topical health issues.

• Upskilling clinicians to use clinical auditing tools to provide practitioners with overview of their patient cohort.

Patient clinician partnerships

Digital capture of the care experience

• Implementing technology which provides patients with access to referrals, prescriptions, certificates.

Engaged, empowered patients

• Encouraging patients to leave online reviews and provide staff with feedback.

• Holding focus groups with patients to discuss the implementation of new initiatives within the practice.

Incentives

Incentives aligned for value

• Paying staff a salary so that their remuneration is not based on care volume.

• Creating KPIs and incentives that apply to all staff, not just doctors.

• Creating financial incentives that are based not only on care delivered, but engaging in research, teaching, and supervision.

Full transparency

• Publishing or making available metrics on patient health outcomes, linked to the quadruple aim.

Culture

Leadership-instilled culture of learning

• Creating affiliations with academic institutions, providing teaching, research and learning opportunities for staff.

Supportive system competencies

• Holding regular meetings involving clinical and non-clinical staff that address quality improvement.

Structure and governance

Policies, governance, and regulations aligned to facilitate research, collaboration, and learning

• Forming multidisciplinary working groups that involve both clinical and non-clinical staff.

• Encouraging senior leadership staff to engage with research opportunities and collaborations.