Table 1 LHS domains and characteristics identified by the modified NAM model [4, 5]
Domain | Characteristics | Description |
|---|---|---|
Science and Informatics | Real-time access to knowledge | Best available evidence incorporated into clinical decision-making processes to improve the quality of care and patient safety. |
Digital capture of the care experience | Digital platforms (e.g., EHRs, disease registries, mobile devices) utilised for the real-time capture, production, and application of knowledge based on best available data. | |
Patient-Clinician Partnerships | Engaged, empowered patients | Patients, families, and caregivers are full partners in a patient-centred system. |
Incentives | Incentives aligned for value | Policies actively encourage ongoing evaluation of care given and improvement of processes and support the provision of high-value care and reduction in wasteful practices. Incentives should be aligned across sectors, including health providers, health delivery systems, and patients, to provide better outcomes, improve efficiency, and increase engagement. |
Full transparency | All aspects of care, including safety, quality, processes, costs, and outcomes are recorded and available to stakeholders (patients, health professionals, managers) to improve patient care and decision making. | |
Continuous Learning Culture | Leadership-instilled culture of learning | Leaders instil a culture of collaboration and adaptability to support the learning process. |
Supportive system competencies | Staff training, skill building, and support to enable continuous refinement of processes and system improvements is implemented. | |
Structure and Governance | Â | Policies, governance, and regulations aligned to facilitate research, collaboration, and learning. |