High-empathy GPs † (N = 39) | Low-empathy GPs ‡ (N = 46) | Group difference measures | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antibiotic category: | Mean | [95% CI] | CV | [95% CI] | Mean | [95% CI] | CV | [95% CI] | VI | [95% CI] | Mean | [95% CI] | RanksumB | |
Penicillins: | ||||||||||||||
Extended spectrum JO1CA | 108.77 | [92.35;125.19] | 0.48 | [0.34;0.61] | 136.87 | [115.72;158.02] | 0.50 | [0.39;0.61] | 0.79 | [0.62;0.97] | -28.10 | [-54.61; -1.59] | 0.0249* | |
Beta-lactamase sensitive J01CE | 111.92 | [95.78;128.07] | 0.45 | [0.33;0.56] | 158.24 | [127.15;189.33] | 0.63 | [0.50;0.76] | 0.71 | [0.53;0.88] | -46.32 | [ -81.42:-11.22] | 0.0364* | |
Beta-lactamase resistant J01CF | 32.95 | [26.67; 39.22] | 0.57 | [0.36;0.78] | 46.98 | [38.75; 55.21] | 0.56 | [0.42;0.71] | 0.70 | [0.51;0.90] | -14.03 | [-24.52; -3.54] | 0.0019** | |
Combinations with beta lactamase inhibitors J01CR | 20.56 | [14.41; 26.72] | 0.96 | [0.74;1.17] | 24.37 | [19.02;29.72] | 0.72 | [0.58;0.87] | 0.84 | [0.51;1.17] | -3.81 | [-12.16; 4.55] | 0.1503 | |
All penicillins: J01C | 274.21 | [237.76;310.65] | 0.41 | [0.30;0.52] | 366.46 | [310.21;422.71] | 0.50 | [0.39;0.61] | 0.75 | [0.59;0.91] | -92.25 | [-159.53; -24.97] | 0.0047** | |
Non-penicillin antibiotics: | ||||||||||||||
Tetrayclines J01A | 15.77 | [11.81; 19.73] | 0.83 | [0.60;1.06] | 14.30 | [10.26;18.35] | 0.92 | [0.62;1.22] | 1.10 | [0.67;1.53] | 1.46 | [-4.28; 7.21] | 0.4933 | |
Cephalosporins J01D | 0.13 | [ -0.01; 0.27] | 3.66 | [1.37;5.94] | 0.13 | [0.02;0.24] | 3.07 | [1.11;5.03] | 0.98 | [-1.71;3.68] | -0.00 | [-0.18; 0.17] | 0.6553 | |
Sulfonamides J01E | 42.64 | [33.24; 52.04] | 0.71 | [0.57;0.86] | 41.00 | [31.67;50.33] | 0.75 | [0.59;0.91] | 1.04 | [0.68;1.40] | 1.64 | [-11.96; 15.24] | 0.7843 | |
Macrolides J01F | 63.26 | [46.24; 80.27] | 0.87 | [0.57;1.16] | 71.28 | [51.55;91.02] | 0.90 | [0.68;1.13] | 0.89 | [0.53;1.25] | -8.03 | [-34.59;18.54] | 0.524 | |
Quinalones J01M | 18.18 | [12.08; 24.28] | 1.10 | [0.80;1.40] | 22.0 | [15.17;29.00] | 0.97 | [0.77;1.18] | 0.82 | [0.43;1.22] | -3.91 | [-13.28; 5.46] | 0.3021 | |
Other antibiotics J01X | 13.87 | [9.31;18.44] | 1.07 | [0.84;1.31] | 13.74 | [8.66;18.81] | 1.15 | [0.74;1.56] | 1.01 | [0.51;1.51] | 0.13 | [-6.71; 6.98] | 0.846 | |
All other antibiotics | 153.85 | [120.77;186.93] | 0.70 | [0.50;0.90] | 162.54 | [126.53;198.55] | 0.71 | [0.57;0.86] | 0.95 | [0.64;1.25] | -8.69 | [-58.83;1.43] | 0.88 | |
Antifungals, J02 | 36.95 | [29.48;44.42] | 0.66 | [0.52;0.80] | 38.04 | [29.94;46.15] | 0.68 | [0.49;0.87] | 0.97 | [0.68;1.26] | -1.09 | [-11.90; 9.71] | 0.7871 | |
Total all antibiotics: | 427.97 | [366.07;489.88] | 0.46 | [0.37;0.56] | 528.78 | [443.46;614.11] | 0.52 | [0.42;0.63] | 0.81 | [0.63;0.99] | -100.81 | [-207.84; 6.201] | 0.0643 | |
Narrow spectrum (N) | 264.59 | [223.92, 305.26] | 0.49 | [0.38;0.60] | 331.07 | [273.35;388.78] | 0.57 | [0.44;0.69] | 0.80 | [0.61;0.99] | -66.48 | [-138.16; 5.21] | 0.1078 | |
Broad spectrum (B) | 163.38 | [138.94, 187.82] | 0.48 | [0.37;0.56] | 197.72 | [167.08;228.36] | 0.50 | [0.41;0.64] | 0.83 | [0.64;1.01] | -34.33 | [-73.89; 5.23] | 0.0751 |