Table 2 Biochemical data of diabetic participants

FBG, mmol/l

8.32 ± 0.20

8.26 ± 0.146

0.831

  < 5.5, n (%)

5 (4.13)

41 (11.36)

0.047

 5.5—6.9, n (%)

36 (29.75)

87 (24.10)

  > 6.9, n (%)

80 (66.12)

233 (64.54)

A1C, mmol/mol

58.38 ± 2.09

59.84 ± 1.07

0.515

  < 53, n (%)

48 (44.44)

142 (41.16)

0.912

 53—63.9, n (%)

28 (25.93)

95 (27.54)

 64—74.9, n (%)

14 (12.96)

41 (11.88)

 75—107.9, n (%)

16 (14.81)

56 (16.23)

  > 107.9, n (%)

2 (1.85)

11 (3.19)

TC, mmol/l

4.38 ± 0.11

4.51 ± 0.54

0.234

  < 5.2, n (%)

89 (76.07)

265 (75.93)

0.776

 5.2—6.2, n (%)

18 (15.38)

60 (17.19)

  > 6.2, n (%)

10 (8.55)

24 (6.88)

TG, mmol/l

1.57 ± 0.8

1.61 ± 0.39

0.611

  < 1.7, n (%)

80 (68.97)

235 (67.14)

0.716

 1.7—5.6, n (%)

36 (31.03)

115 (32.86)

  > 5.6, n (%)

0 (0.00)

0 (0.00)

HDL-C, mmol/l

1.23 ± 0.03

1.32 ± 0.17

0.009

 m < 1, w < 1.3, n (%)

32 (27.83)

169 (48.29)

 < 0.001

 m ≥ 1, w ≥ 1.3, n (%)

83 (72.17)

181 (51.71)

LDL-C, mmol/l

2.47 ± 0.09

2.47 ± 0.48

0.945

  < 2.6, n (%)

70 (61.40)

209 (60.23)

0.181

 2.6—3.3, n (%)

26 (22.81)

83 (23.92)

 3.4—4.1, n (%)

8 (7.02)

40 (11.53)

  > 4.1, n (%)

10 (8.77)

15 (4.32)

Cr, mmol/l

13.65 ± 1.49

9.23 ± 0.33

 < 0.001

eGFR, ml/min/1.73m²

77.0 ± 2.12

79.7 ± 1.74

0.399

  ≥ 90 (G1), n (%)

39 (32.77)

140 (39.66)

0.700

 60—89 (G2), n (%)

46 (38.66)

129 (36.54)

 45—59 (G3A), n (%)

21 (17.65)

49 (13.88)

 30—44 (G3B), n (%)

12 (10.080

29 (8.22)

 15—29 (G4), n (%)

1 (0.84)

5 (1.42)

  < 15 (G5), n (%)

0 (0.00)

1 (0.28)

AST (SGOT), u/l

29.0 ± 2.87

30.2 ± 6.26

0.893

ALT (SGPT), u/l

32.2 ± 5.60

24.7 ± 4.43

0.329

Uric acid, mmol/l

0.40 ± 0.05

0.32 ± 0.01

0.023

Blood Na⁺, mmol/l

135.0 ± 5.00

180.0 ± 46.04

0.611

Blood K⁺, mmol/l

4.1 ± 0.34

3.7 ± 0.03

0.085