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Table 4 Questionnaires and instrument characteristics planned for use in the trial. ISCA: systematic interview of alcohol consumption

From: A motivational interview program for cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial in primary healthcare

Test/Instrument

Variable/ object of measurement

Characteristics/information

Morinsky-Green [37, 38]

Adherence of drug treatment

Structure: Self-administered, 4 items with a dichotomous answer YES/NO

Interpretation: Informs about the causes of non-compliance. Compliance is considered if 4 questions are correct (No/Yes/No/No)

Systematic Interview of Alcohol Consumption. ISCA [39]

Alcohol consumed

Structure: Professional administered, 3 items, allows examination of the amount of alcohol consumed, the frequency, and the variation between work-days and weekends in Standard Drink Units

Interpretation: High risk alcohol consumption is considered if > 28 units in men or > 17 units in women

Canadian Acute Coronary Syndrome Score. C-ACS [40]

Early risk stratification

Structure: Score ranges from 0 to 4 according 4 items scored with 1 if: age ≥ 75 years, Killip class > 1, systolic blood pressure < 100 mm Hg, and heart rate > 100 bpm

Interpretation: Short- and long-term mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Charlson Comorbidity [41]

Severity of comorbidity

Structure: Professional administered, 19 diseases rated from 1 to 6, total score between 0–37 points. From 50 years of age, one point is added for each decade

Interpretation: Higher scores indicate a more severe condition and worse prognosis, can be categorized to no comorbidity, low comorbidity, and high comorbidity

Short Form Health Survey. SF-12 [30, 42]

Health-related quality-of-life

Structure: Self-administered, 12 items with Likert-type ratings, ranging from 3–6 points

Interpretation: Results can be standardized to a 0–100 range and then summarized in two dimensions: physical component summary and mental component summary

DUKE UNC-11 [43, 44]

Perceived functional social support

Structure: Self-administered, 11 items with Likert-type ratings ranging 1 to 5. Scores range from 11 to 55 points

Interpretation: The higher the average score, the greater the perceived social support

Montreal Cognitive Assessment [45, 46]

Cognitive dysfunction screening

Structure: Professional administered consisting of 12 tasks of the following domains: visuospatial/executive (5 points), naming (3 points), attention (6 points), language (3 points), abstraction (2 points), delayed recall (5 points), orientation (6 points). Total scores range between 0 and 30

Interpretation: A score < 26 might indicate cognitive impairment

Patient Health Questionnaire. PHQ-9 [47]

Depressive symptoms

Structure: Self-administered, 9 items for screening, diagnosing, monitoring and measuring the severity of depression

Interpretation: Scores and cut-points: 5, 10, 15, and 20 represent for mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression respectively

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) [48, 49]

Emotional distress (anxiety and depression)

Structure: Self-administered, 14 items (7 anxiety and 7 depression), with Likert-type ratings ranging 1 to 4. Total ranging from 0 to 21

Interpretation: A total subscale score of > 8 points in each of the sub-scales might indicate depression or anxiety

International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) [50, 51]

Frequency, duration and intensity of activity

Structure: Self-administered, 7 questions self-completed. Evaluates: intensity (low, moderate, or vigorous), frequency (days for week) and duration (time for day)

Interpretation: Classifies the level of activity in three categories: low, moderate, and high. Permits individual results to be converted into METs

Six-minute walk test [28]

Aerobic capacity and endurance

Structure: Sub-maximal exercise test used to assess aerobic capacity and endurance. The distance covered over a time of 6 min is used as the outcome to compare changes in performance capacity

Interpretation: Allows results to be converted from meters to METs. An increase in the distance walked indicates improvement in physical function

The 13-item Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13) [52, 53]

Patient activation (self-efficacy)

Structure: Self-administered. 13 items 4-point Likert scale. Total scores range from 0 to 100

Interpretation: Scores are converted into Rasch units defining 4 stages of activation: 1. Believes active role is important; 2. Confidence and knowledge to take action 3. Taking action; 4. Staying the course under stress

Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) [29]

Psychological status and quality of life

Structure: Self-administered, 22 items, with 6-point Likert scale, and five dimensions: anxiety, depression, positive mood, vitality, self-control and general health. Total score range is from 0–110

Interpretation: Lower scores indicate more severe distress. The three levels of distress are scored as: 0 to 60 reflect severe distress; 61 to 72 moderate distress; and 73 to 110 positive well-being