|
Primary exposure
|
|
Time since immigration
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
< 10 years
|
3340 (24.0)
|
2.97 (4.45)
| |
|
≥ 10 years
|
10,572 (76.0)
|
3.50 (4.54)
| |
|
Predisposing factors
|
|
Sex
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
Male
|
6836 (49.1)
|
2.99 (4.37)
| |
|
Female
|
7077 (50.9)
|
3.75 (4.64)
| |
|
Age
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
18–39 years
|
4414 (31.7)
|
2.76 (4.29)
| |
|
40–64 years
|
6401 (46.0)
|
3.39 (4.64)
| |
|
65–79 years
|
2497 (17.9)
|
4.04 (4.38)
| |
|
≥ 80 years
|
600 (4.3)
|
4.92 (4.92
| |
|
Region of residencea
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
Western Canada
|
4545 (32.7)
|
3.70 (4.81)
| |
|
Central Canada
|
9249 (66.5)
|
3.21 (4.37)
| |
|
Atlantic Canada and Northern Territories
|
119 (0.9)
|
4.19 (4.73)
| |
|
Marital status
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
Single
|
2430 (17.5)
|
2.77 (4.36)
| |
|
Widowed/divorced/separated
|
1881 (13.6)
|
4.02 (4.97)
| |
|
Married or common-law
|
9542 (68.9)
|
3.41 (4.47)
| |
|
Cultural/racial background
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
White
|
4831 (35.1)
|
3.57 (4.60)
| |
|
Non-white
|
8940 (64.9)
|
3.28 (4.49)
| |
|
Sense of belonging to local community
| | |
0.029
|
|
Very weak
|
994 (7.6)
|
3.60 (4.88)
| |
|
Somewhat weak
|
3042 (23.2)
|
3.33 (4.79)
| |
|
Somewhat strong
|
6329 (48.3)
|
3.18 (4.16)
| |
|
Very strong
|
2746 (20.9)
|
3.31 (4.42)
| |
|
Enabling factors
| | | |
|
Total household income
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
No income or less than $20,000
|
1024 (7.4)
|
3.96 (5.63)
| |
|
$20,000–$39,999
|
2322 (16.7)
|
3.63 (4.89)
| |
|
$40,000–$59,999
|
2249 (16.2)
|
3.30 (4.33)
| |
|
$60,000–$79,999
|
2128 (15.3)
|
3.30 (4.55)
| |
|
$80,000 or more
|
6185 (44.5)
|
3.24 (4.22)
| |
|
Education
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
Less than secondary school
|
1305 (9.5)
|
4.04 (4.72)
| |
|
Secondary school
|
2702 (19.8)
|
3.50 (4.96)
| |
|
Post-secondary
|
9660 (70.7)
|
3.24 (4.36)
| |
|
Knowledge of official languages
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
Not proficient in official languages
|
563 (4.0)
|
4.15 (4.11)
| |
|
Proficient in official languages
|
13,342 (96.0)
|
3.34 (4.54)
| |
|
Insurance for prescription medications
| | |
0.002
|
|
No insurance
|
3880 (27.8)
|
3.20 (4.52)
| |
|
Insurance
|
9938 (72.2)
|
3.47 (4.55)
| |
|
Has a regular health care provider
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
No regular health care provider
|
2221 (16.0)
|
1.51 (3.38)
| |
|
Has a regular health care provider
|
11,659 (84.0)
|
3.73 (4.63)
| |
|
Need factors
| | | |
|
Perceived health
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
Poor
|
440 (3.2)
|
9.24 (8.21)
| |
|
Fair
|
1165 (8.4)
|
5.74 (6.06)
| |
|
Good
|
4412 (31.8)
|
3.58 (4.40)
| |
|
Very good
|
4479 (32.3)
|
2.77 (3.56)
| |
|
Excellent
|
3368 (24.3)
|
2.30 (3.54)
| |
|
Number of medical conditions
| | |
< 0.001
|
|
Zero
|
4972 (35.7)
|
2.02 (3.27)
| |
|
One
|
3314 (23.8)
|
2.93 (3.81)
| |
|
Two
|
1939 (13.9)
|
3.61 (4.58)
| |
|
Three or more
|
3687 (26.5)
|
5.48 (5.63)
| |
