Table 1 Description of the PICOS criteria used in the present systematic review

Participants

Non-pregnant persons aged 18 years and above with diabetes, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia

Intervention

Synchronous telemedicine encounters provided by a primary care provider (family/internal medicine physicians and nurse practitioners)

Comparison

In-person primary care visits

Outcomes

Primary outcome measures: Changes in HbA1c, blood pressure (systolic/diastolic), and total cholesterol levels. Secondary outcome measures: Changes in LDL-C and triglyceride levels.

Study design

Randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, retrospective, prospective, and matched cohort studies