Skip to main content

Table 4 Crude proportions and adjusted odds ratios of asthma-related acute outcomes for the secondary exposure, UPC Index, and covariates

From: Are primary care and continuity of care associated with asthma-related acute outcomes amongst children? A retrospective population-based study

Variables

No. (%) of children with an ED visit, by variable

ED visits or not,

OR (95% CI)

No. (%) of children with a hospital admission, by variable

Hospital admission or not, OR (95% CI)

UPC index

 Low (>0-0.40)

1,566/12,148 (12.9)

Reference

942/12,148 (7.8)

Reference

 Medium (>0.40-0.70)

1,002/10,702 (9.4)

0.98 (0.90, 1.08)

559/10,702 (5.2)

0.93 (0.82, 1.04)

 High (>0.70)

672/9,643 (7.0)

1.06 (0.95, 1.19)

346/9,643 (3.6)

0.87 (0.75, 1.01)

Primary care model

 FMG

961/9,464 (10.1)

Reference

618/9,464 (6.5)

Reference

 Pediatrician

1,225/13,743 (8.9)

0.96 (0.86, 1.07)

643/13,743 (4.7)

0.84 (0.73, 0.97)

 Non-FMGs

1,054/9,286 (11.3)

1.11 (1.00, 1.22)

586/9,286 (6.3)

0.94 (0.83, 1.06)

Age category

 2-5 yo

1,765/14,304 (12.3)

Reference

1,041/14,304 (7.3)

Reference

 6-9yo

789/8,972 (8.8)

1.10 (1.00, 1.21)

407/8,972 (4.5)

0.95 (0.83, 1.07)

 10-12yo

376/4,582 (8.2)

1.22 (1.08, 1.39)

192/4,582 (4.2)

0.95 (0.80, 1.12)

 13-16yo

310/4,635 (6.7)

0.95 (0.83, 1.09)

207/4,635 (4.5)

0.93 (0.79, 1.10)

Sex

 Female

1,153/13,078 (8.8)

Reference

724/13,078 (5.5)

Reference

 Male

2,087/19,415 (10.7)

1.13 (1.04, 1.22)

1,123/19,415 (5.8)

0.97 (0.88, 1.07)

SES

 Q1 (least deprived)

613/7,912 (7.8)

Reference

382/7,912 (4.8)

Reference

 Q2

688/7,395 (9.3)

1.07 (0.955, 1.20)

422/7,395 (5.7)

1.04 (0.90, 1.20)

 Q3

585/5,770 (10.1)

1.11 (0.99, 1.26)

361/5,770 (6.3)

1.11 (0.95, 1.29)

 Q4

597/5,128 (11.6)

1.28 (1.13, 1.44)

300/5,128 (5.8)

1.05 (0.89, 1.23)

 Q5 (most deprived)

638/5,164 (12.4)

1.31 (1.16, 1.47)

322/5,164 (6.2)

1.08 (0.93, 1.27)

Rurality

 Urban (population >100k)

2,230/23,952 (9.3)

Reference

1,190/23,952 (5.0)

Reference

 Small cities (population 10k-100k)

391/3,492 (11.2)

0.99 (0.88, 1.12)

290/3,492 (8.3)

1.35 (1.16, 1.56)

 Rural (population <10k)

610/4,827 (12.6)

1.08 (0.97, 1.20)

360/4,827 (7.5)

1.14 (1.00, 1.31)

Other co-morbidities

 Asthma Only

2,901/29,684 (9.8)

Reference

1,269/29,684 (4.3)

Reference

 Asthma & other comorbidities

339/2,809 (12.1)

0.82 (0.72, 0.94)

578/2,809 (20.6)

3.95 (3.52, 4.44)

Previous hospital admission

 No

1,707/22,787 (7.5)

Reference

710/22,787 (3.1)

Reference

 Yes

1,533/9,706 (15.8)

1.08 (0.99, 1.17)

1,137/9,706 (11.7)

1.91 (1.70, 2.14)

Previous ed visits

 0 Visit

353/12,678 (2.8)

Reference

278/12,678 (2.2)

Reference

 1 Visit

448/6,551 (6.8)

2.50 (2.16, 2.88)

256/6,551 (3.9)

1.41 (1.18, 1.69)

 2-3 Visits

857/7,010 (12.2)

4.67 (4.08, 5.33)

474/7,010 (6.8)

2.13 (1.81, 2.50)

 Over 4 visits

1,582/6,254 (25.3)

10.86 (9.48, 12.43)

839/6,254 (13.4)

3.34 (2.83, 3.93)

Previous asthma specialist visitS

 0 Visits

880/10,609 (8.3)

Reference

551/10,609 (5.2)

Reference

 1 Visit

497/4,616 (10.8)

1.16 (1.02, 1.31)

261/4,616 (5.6)

1.02 (0.87, 1.20)

 2 Visits

611/8,393 (7.3)

0.97 (0.86, 1.09)

295/8,393 (3.5)

0.89 (0.76, 1.05)

 Over 3 Visits

1,252/8,875 (14.1)

1.49 (1.34, 1.66)

740/8,875 (8.3)

1.45 (1.27, 1.65)

  1. Logistic model adjusted for all covariates in the table
  2. Legend: ED Emergency Department, SES Socioeconomic status, Q Socioeconomic Quintile, FMG Family Medicine Groups, UPC Usual Provider of Care