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Table 5 Sensitivity analyses according to first contacted professional

From: Patient education booklet to support evidence-based low back pain care in primary care – a cluster randomized controlled trial

First contacted professional

Physician (Intervention n = 84, control n = 51)

Physiotherapist (Intervention n = 67, control n = 114)

 

Intervention

Control

 

Intervention

Control

 

Imaging (yes/no)a

% (n)

% (n)

OR (95% CI); P value

% (n)

% (n)

OR (95% CI); P value

Imaging 3 months

7.3 (6)

29.4 (15)

0.15 (0.09–0.24); < 0.001

10.4 (7)

11.4 (13)

1.23 (0.30–5.61); 0.729

Imaging 12 months

15.7 (13)

42 (21)

0.23 (0.16–0.33); < 0.001

17.9 (12)

22.3 (25)

0.91 (0.37–2.25); 0.842

Radiographs 3 months

6.0 (5)

19.6 (10)

0.21 (0.19–0.23); < 0.001

4.5 (3)

6.1 (7)

0.88 (0.17–4.57); 0.882

Radiographs 12 months

8.3 (7)

23.5 (12)

0.28 (0.25–0.31); < 0.001

9.0 (6)

12.4 (14)

0.79 (0.31–2.02); 0.616

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 3 months

3.6 (3)

13.7 (7)

0.17 (0.09–0.32); < 0.001

8.7 (6)

5.3 (6)

1.76 (0.57–5.48); 0.329

MRI 12 months

9.5 (8)

23.5 (12)

0.33 (0.16–0.70); 0.004

15.9 (11)

16.8 (19)

0.91 (0.48–1.71); 0.760

PROMIS T-scoreb

Mean (SE)

Mean (SE)

Mean difference (CI); P value

Mean (SE)

Mean (SE)

Mean difference (CI); P value

Baseline

42.8 (1.0)

42.2 (1.2)

0.60 (-3.9 to 5.1); 0.713

45.9 (0.9)

44.9 (0.8)

1.1 (-1.4 to 3.5); 0.391

Change 3 m

3.1 (1.1)

1.3 (1.2)

1.87 (-1.4 to 5.1); 0.254

2.2 (1.0)

1.3 (0.8)

0.9 (-1.7 to 3.6); 0.488

Change 12 m

2.7 (1.7)

1.3 (1.8)

1.44 (-5.0 to 7.9); 0.591

1.7 (1.7)

2.6 (1.3)

-0.9 (-8.7 to 6.8); 0.704

Sick leave daysc

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

RR (95% CI); P value

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

RR (95% CI); P value

3 months

4.9 (10.6)

13.0 (23.2)

0.35 (0.20–0.64); 0.001

1.4 (7.8)

7.7 (21.6)

0.24 (0.09–0.71); 0.010

12 months

6.9 (16.7)

16.0 (30.1)

0.34 (0.23–0.51); < 0.001

4.5 (17.9)

28.6 (78.6)

0.17 (0.07–0.45); < 0.001

LBP-related health care appointmentsc

      

Physician 3 months

1.6 (1.5)

2.2 (1.4)

0.65 (0.55–0.75); < 0.001

0.3 (0.6)

0.6 (1.2)

0.39 (0.18–0.84); 0.017

Physician 12 months

2.0 (2.2)

3.0 (2.0)

0.60 (0.49–0.72); < 0.001

0.9 (1.7)

1.2 (2.3)

0.72 (0.27–1.89); 0.501

Physiotherapist 3 months

0.8 (1.3)

0.6 (0.93)

0.90 (0.59–1.58); 0.897

2.0 (1.2)

1.6 (0.9)

1.29 (1.16–1.43); < 0.001

Physiotherapist 12 months

1.3 (2.6)

1.2 (1.6)

0.80 (0.47–1.37); 0.417

2.8 (2.1)

2.4 (2.6)

1.05 (1.02–1.09); < 0.001

Nurse 3 months

0.3 (0.8)

0.1 (0.4)

1.22 (0.22–6.81); 0.823

0.1 (0.3)

0.1 (0.3)

1.39 (0.39–4.99); 0.617

Nurse 12 months

0.8 (1.7)

0.2 (0.7)

1.73 (0.39–7.77); 0.474

0.3 (1.5)

0.1 (0.3)

5.19 (1.16–23.3); 0.031

Secondary health care 3 months

0.37 (0.92)

0.39 (0.67)

0.79 (0.75–0.82); < 0.001

0.2 (0.9)

0.3 (0.6)

0.86 (0.30–2.50); 0.783

Secondary health care 12 months

0.57 (1.17)

0.53 (0.98)

0.91 (0.88–0.95); < 0.001

0.6 (1.4)

0.8 (2.1)

0.84 (0.34–2.08); 0.699

  1. Presented as intervention group vs control group.aDifference between intervention and control groups analysed with logistic regression using generalized estimating equations with exchangeable working correlation matrix. bLeast square mean difference estimated from linear mixed model with random effects for unit. Positive and negative mean differences indicate higher and lower values among intervention group, respectively. cDifference between intervention and control groups analysed with Poisson regression using general estimating equations with exchangeable working correlation matrix