BMC Primary Care

Table 3 Illness perception: high vs. normal utilisers

From: Illness perception and health care use in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome: results from an online survey

Subscale/Dimension	high utilisers		normal utilisers
	n	Median	n	Median	U	Z	p	r
Time course	173	22.00	311	21.00	23,806.50	-1.731	0.084	0.08
Consequences	168	20.00	308	18.00	15,947.50	-6.945	< 0.001	0.32
Personal control	175	11.00	312	12.00	22,647.50	-3.134	0.002	0.14
Cure control	174	9.00	307	10.00	22,797.50	-2.682	0.007	0.12
Coherence	174	12.00	303	12.00	25,125.50	-0.855	0.393	0.04
Cyclic occurrence	173	14.00	311	14.00	26,568.50	-0.228	0.82	0.01
Emotional representation	171	20.00	310	18.00	18,157.00	-5.737	< 0.001	0.26

In the illness perception questionnaire revised, the term “irritable bowel syndrome” was used instead of “illness” in the original questionnaire. r ≥ 0.1 and < 0.3 ⇒ small effect size, r ≥ 0.3 and < 0.5 ⇒ moderate effect size, r ≥ 0.5 ⇒ large effect size [32, 33]

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