Healthcare professional-led interventions on lifestyle modifications for hypertensive patients – a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 3 The overview of subgroup analyses of the effect of interventions on SBP

Subgroups	Mean difference SBP mmHg (95% CI)		P value¹
Duration of intervention	6 months and under	Over 6 months
Duration of intervention	−4.34 (−6.13 to −2.54)	−4.58 (−5.94 to −3.22)	P = 0.83
Place of blood pressure measurement	Home	Physician’s office/clinic
Place of blood pressure measurement	−2.85 (−4.66 to −1.04)	−4.50 (−5.74 to −3.26)	P = 0.14
Tailored intervention	Tailored	Not tailored
Tailored intervention	−4.40 (−7.19 to −1.60)	−4.37 (−5.58 to −3.15)	P = 0.99
Medication adherence improvement techniques	Used	Not used
Medication adherence improvement techniques	−4.34 (− 5.91 to − 2.78)	−4.48 (− 6.09, − 2.88)	P = 0.90
Referral for medication change or adjustment	Included	Not included
Referral for medication change or adjustment	−4.46 (−6.21 to − 2.71)	−4.40 (− 5.85 to − 2.96)	P = 0.96

¹ P value shows if the difference in mean difference of SBP between subgroups is statistically significant. E.g., the subgroup difference between interventions that lasted up to 6 months and interventions that lasted over 6 months was not statistically significant, both interventions were effective

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