Screened diseases | < 1990 [14] | > 1990 [2] | 2020 [15] | Aimed EBS [16] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hypertension [2] | – | +/− | + | |
BP | ||||
All genders | ||||
> 18y.o. | ||||
every 2 years | ||||
Smoking status | – | +/− | + | |
Asking | ||||
All genders > 18 y.o | ||||
At least once, then when needed | ||||
Alcohol use | – | – | + | |
AUDIT questionnaire | ||||
All genders > 18 y.o | ||||
At least once, then when needed | ||||
Obesity [2] | – | +/− | + | |
BMI | ||||
All genders > 18 y. o | ||||
At least once, then when needed | ||||
Depression | – | – | + | |
PHQ2–9 questionnaire | ||||
All genders > 18 y. o | ||||
At least once, then when needed | ||||
Diabetes [2] | +/− | +/− | + | |
(if BMI > 25 + other factors) | ||||
Glucose tests | ||||
All genders > 18 y. o | ||||
Every 3 years | ||||
Dyslipidaemia | – | +/− | + | |
cholesterol/ lipidogram | ||||
Mails > 35 y. o | ||||
Females> 45 y. o | ||||
Every 5 years | ||||
Cervical cancer | + | + | + | + |
Pap-test | Gyn | Gyn | Not always | |
Females >21y.o | investigation | investigation | with Pap test | |
Every 3 years | Not always | – | ||
+ HPV test | with Pap test | Not always | + | |
> 30 y. o | – | with Pap test | ||
Every 5 years | – | |||
Breast cancer | – | +/− | + | |
Mammography | ||||
> 40 y.o. | ||||
Every 2 years | ||||
Colorectal cancer | – | – | + | |
> 50 y.o | ||||
FOBT+ | – | – | + | |
Rectoscopy | ||||
Every 5 years | ||||
Colonoscopy | ||||
Every 10 years | ||||
Lung cancer | – | – | +/− | |
Males strong smokers | ||||
CT scan | ||||
> 55 y.o once | ||||
Osteoporosis | – | – | +/− | |
Densitometry | ||||
FRAX | ||||
> 50 y.o once | ||||
Aortic aneurism | – | – | +/− | |
Male smokers | ||||
Ultrasound | ||||
> 65 y.o once | ||||
Tuberculosis | +* | +/−* | – | |
Annual chest-X-Ray > 18y.o | ||||
ECG > 40 y.o to screen for early heart changes | + | + | +/− | |
Urinalysis > 18 y.o (for inflammation and haematuria) | + | +/− | – | |
Biochemical test (to screen for liver or kidney abnormalities) | +/− | +/− | – | |
Ultrasound (people often made self-screening for any changes, visceral cancer and stones. That was not part of mandatory screening, but people preferred to make it and payed for it) | +/− | +/− | – | |
Complete Blood count (to detect anaemia and signs of inflammation or indirect cancer signs) | + | + | – | |
STI [2] HIV, HBV, HCV | – | +/− | + |