Table 3 Open text questions about interpreter use, responses and emergent themes

What negative impact have you observed?

n = 153 (of 187) 81%

Canada n = 24 (of 28)

USA n = 35 (of 40)

Ireland n = 66 (of 80)

Australia n = 25 (of 33)

Other n = 3 (of 6)

(1). Inhibits the relationship between patient and provider

(2). Too time-consuming

(3). Interpreters not translating directly/properly

(4). Interpreters overstepping their role

(5). Concerns about breach of confidentiality

(6). Background of interpreter not suitable

(7). Costs

(8). Technical problems

(9). Patients refuse interpreter

Please write any other information you would like to provide.†

Total number of comments/responses to this question: n = 89 (of 187)

Number of responses by country:

Canada n = 11 (of 28)

USA n = 15 (of 40)

Ireland n = 41 (of 80)

Australia n = 18 (of 33)

Other n = 4 (of 6

(1). No access to formal interpreter services

(2). Recommendations for changes in policy and practice

(3). Comments/feedback on the survey

(4). Problems with implementing interpreter services

(5). Positive impact of using interpreter services