Table 1 Social and Economic-, Healthcare Team and System-, and Condition-Related Factors of the Participants of the Study according to their Self-Reported Measure of Medication Adherence, n = 299
Factors | Total n (%) | Adherent n (%) | Poor Adherent n (%) | Bivariate Analyses | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 299 | n = 166 | n = 133 | Crude OR | 95% CI | p-value | |
Social and Economic | ||||||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 154 (51.5) | 90 (54.2) | 64 (48.1) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Female | 145 (48.5) | 76 (45.8) | 69 (51.9) | 0.78 | (0.50 to 1.24) | 0.295 |
Age, mean ± SD | 65.79 ± 13.7 | 68.96 ± 12.8 | 61.83 ± 13.9 | 1.49 | (1.24 to 1.78) | < 0.001 |
Immigration Status | ||||||
Born in Spain | 251 (83.9) | 156 (94.0) | 95 (71.4) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Immigrated to Spain | 48 (16.1) | 10 (6.0) | 38 (28.6) | 0.160 | (0.08 to 0.34) | < 0.001 |
Household Income | ||||||
1st Tertile (lowest income) | 100 (33.44) | 52 (31.33) | 48 (36.09) | Ref. | Ref. | |
2nd Tertile | 100 (33.44) | 62 (37.35) | 38 (28.57) | 1.51 | (0.86 to 2.65) | 0.154 |
3er Tertile (highest income) | 99 (33.11) | 52 (31.33) | 47 (35.34) | 1.02 | (0.59 to 1.78) | 0.941 |
Living Status | ||||||
Living alone | 63 (21.1) | 28 (16.9) | 35 (26.3) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Living with someone | 236 (78.9) | 138 (83.1) | 98 (73.7) | 1.69 | (1.01 to 3.08) | 0.048 |
Education | ||||||
Primary school or lower | 176 (58.9) | 98 (59.0) | 78 (58.7) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Secondary school | 88 (29.4) | 51 (30.7) | 37 (27.8) | 1.10 | (0.65 to 1.84) | 0.726 |
University or higher | 35 (11.7) | 17 (10.2) | 18 (13.5) | 0.75 | (0.36 to 1.55) | 0.441 |
Healthcare Team and System-Related | ||||||
Frequency of Follow-up Care | ||||||
Monthly or more frequently | 152 (50.8) | 81 (48.8) | 71 (53.4) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Quarterly | 117 (39.1) | 64 (38.6) | 53 (39.8) | 1.06 | (0.65 to 1.72) | 0.818 |
Biannually or less frequently | 30 (10.0) | 21 (12.7) | 9 (6.8) | 2.05 | (0.88 to 4.75) | 0.096 |
Number of Pharmacies Used for Refills, mean ± SD | 1.64 ± 1.0 | 1.35 ± 0.8 | 2.00 ± 1.2 | 0.51 | (0.40 to 0.66) | < 0.001 |
Patient-provider Communication | ||||||
Not having good communication | 24 (8.0) | 9 (5.4) | 15 (11.3) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Having good communication | 275 (92.0) | 157 (94.6) | 118 (88.7) | 2.22 | (1.03 to 6.11) | 0.070 |
Quality of Healthcare Delivery | ||||||
Not perceiving good quality of care | 13 (4.3) | 5 (3.0) | 8 (6.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Perceiving good quality of care | 286 (95.7) | 161 (97.0) | 125 (94.0) | 2.06 | (0.66 to 6.45) | 0.214 |
Treatment Information Received | ||||||
Not receiving complete information | 161 (53.8) | 60 (36.1) | 101 (75.9) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Receiving complete information | 138 (46.2) | 106 (63.9) | 32 (24.1) | 5.58 | (3.35 to 9.27) | < 0.001 |
Condition-Related | ||||||
Number of Chronic Conditions, mean ± SD | 2.90 ± 1.5 | 3.08 ± 1.6 | 2.68 ± 1.5 | 1.19 | (1.02 to 1.39) | 0.027 |
Adjusted Morbidity Group | ||||||
AMG1 | 62 (20.7) | 29 (17.5) | 33 (24.8) | Ref. | Ref. | |
AMG2 | 163 (54.5) | 89 (53.6) | 74 (55.6) | 1.37 | (0.76 to 2.46) | 0.294 |
AMG3 | 74 (24.8) | 48 (28.9) | 26 (19.5) | 2.10 | (1.05 to 4.19) | 0.035 |
Alcohol Consumption | ||||||
Daily drinker | 59 (19.7) | 30 (18.1) | 29 (21.8) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Occasional drinker | 101 (33.8) | 51 (30.7) | 50 (37.6) | 0.99 | (0.52 to 1.87) | 0.966 |
Non-drinker | 139 (46.5) | 85 (51.2) | 54 (40.6) | 1.52 | (0.82 to 2.81) | 0.824 |
Tobacco Smoking | ||||||
Smoker | 49 (16.4) | 30 (18.1) | 19 (14.3) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Ex-smoker | 98 (32.8) | 56 (33.7) | 42 (31.6) | 0.84 | (0.42 to 1.70) | 0.636 |
Non-smoker | 152 (50.8) | 80 (48.2) | 72 (54.1) | 0.70 | (0.37 to 1.36) | 0.294 |
Physical Activity | ||||||
Non-active | 128 (42.8) | 64 (38.6) | 64 (48.1) | Ref. | Ref. | |
Active | 171 (57.2) | 102 (61.4) | 69 (51.9) | 0.68 | (0.43 to 1.07) | 0.097 |