Table 1 Potential low health literacy indicators from KAPS cohort and KAPS participant primary care medical records

Age

Yes

Date of birth

Gender

Yes

Gender

Socioeconomic index

Number of years in full time education

Area level index of deprivation for each GP practice (provided by the Index of Multiple Deprivation, from the Office of National Statistics, UK [28])

Ethnicity

Not recorded

Ethnicity Read codes (e.g. 9i00. White British, 9T1B. South Asian, 13Z69 First Language not English, 9NU.. Need for interpreter)

Sleep problems

Jenkins Sleep Questionnaire [29]

Sleep problem consultation Read codes (e.g. Fy0.. Sleep disorders, R0053 Hypersomnia sleep apnoea, 1BX0. - Delayed onset of sleep)

Mental Health

SF 36 Mental Component Score [30]

Mental health consultation symptoms and diagnoses (e.g. Eu3.. Mood affective disorders, E1 … Non organic psychosis)

Mobility

EQ 5D-5 L Mobility [31]

Measures of mobility and function (e.g. 39... Disability assessment, 39H.. Continence assessment, 395.. Dressing ability)

Comorbidity

Presence of other long term medical conditions (e.g. Diabetes, Breathing problems/COPD, Heart problems/High blood pressure, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Fibromyalgia, Stress, Anxiety or Depression, or other comorbidity).

Charlson Index of comorbidity covering 17 common comorbidities using BNF prescribing codes [32, 33]

Social isolation

Live alone [34]

Social isolation Read codes (e.g. 13HL. Social isolation, 1B1K. Loneliness).

Employment

Employment status (working, not working due to health/illness, other, e.g. retired, student, homemaker)

Current employment status (e.g. 13 J7. Unemployed, 9 K8.. Sickness certificate, 13JL. Medical problems at work).

Consultation/prescription frequency

Not recorded

Count of consultations and count of prescriptions of the time period of medical record review.