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Table 3 Combination of elements of Chronic Care Model and outcome measures

From: A systematic review of chronic disease management interventions in primary care

Single or combination CCM elements

OUTCOME CATEGORY

Professional-level

Patient-level

Other

Adherence to guidelines

Change in medication

Quality of care

Adherence to treatment

Service use

PMOD

Risk behaviour

Quality of life

Health status

Satisfaction

Functional status

Knowledge level

Costs

DSD overall o Overall

3 (5)

6 (7)

 

1 (5)

4 (7)

18(22)

0 (4)

6 (13)

3 (8)

4 (5)

1 (3)

4 (6)

2 (2)

DSD

     

0 (1)

  

1 (1)

    

DSD + CIS

       

1 (1)

0 (1)

    

DSD + CIS + DS

   

1 (1)

         

DSD + CIS + SMS

    

0 (1)

1 (1)

 

0 (1)

   

0 (1)

 

DSD + DS

 

2 (2)

   

4 (4)

  

1 (1)

    

DSD + DS + CIS

1 (1)

    

1 (1)

  

1 (1)

    

DSD + DS + HCO

1 (1)

        

0 (1)

   

DSD + DS + SMS

0 (1)

1 (1)

  

1 (1)

1 (2)

0 (1)

0 (1)

   

1 (1)

 

DSD + SMS

 

2 (3)

 

0 (2)

2 (3)

4 (5)

0 (1)

3 (5)

0 (1)

2 (2)

1 (2)

3 (3)

 

DSD + SMS + CIS

0 (1)

  

0 (1)

0 (1)

1 (1)

 

0 (2)

0 (1)

1 (1)

  

1 (1)

DSD + SMS + DS

1 (1)

1 (1)

 

0 (1)

1 (1)

6 (7)

0 (2)

2 (3)

0 (2)

1 (1)

0 (1)

0 (1)

1 (1)

DS overall

6 (13)

8 (13)

 

1 (3)

5 (9)

8 (22)

2 (3)

1 (5)

2 (9)

1 (3)

2 (10)

1 (1)

1 (2)

DS

2 (3)

3 (8)

 

1 (2)

3 (6)

3 (7)

 

1 (3)

2 (2)

0 (1)

2 (4)

 

0 (1)

DS + CIS

1 (3)

2 (2)

   

0 (3)

1 (1)

 

0 (1)

 

0 (1)

 

1 (1)

DS + CIS + DSD

1 (1)

       

0 (1)

 

0 (1)

  

DS + CIS + SMS

0 (1)

            

DS + DSD

0 (1)

2 (2)

 

0 (1)

 

3 (4)

  

0 (1)

0 (1)

0 (1)

  

DS + DSD + SMS

0 (1)

   

1 (1)

1 (4)

 

0 (2)

0 (3)

1 (1)

0 (1)

  

DS + HCO

1 (1)

         

0 (1)

  

DS + SMS

1 (2)

1 (1)

  

1 (2)

1 (4)

1 (2)

 

0 (1)

 

0 (1)

1 (1)

 

CIS overall

4 (5)

2 (2)

1 (1)

 

1 (2)

5 (8)

0 (1)

  

1 (1)

4 (5)

 

1 (2)

CIS + DS

4 (4)

1 (1)

1 (1)

 

1 (1)

1 (3)

0 (1)

  

1 (1)

4 (4)

 

1 (1)

CIS + DSD

     

1 (1)

       

CIS + SMS

0 (1)

   

0 (1)

1 (2)

    

0 (1)

 

0 (1)

CIS + SMS + DSD

 

1 (1)

   

2 (2)

       

SMS overall

5 (7)

5 (6)

 

6 (13)

1 (7)

32(52)

11 (20)

10(25)

5 (13)

3 (5)

5 (5)

16 (23)

5 (5)

SMS

 

1 (1)

 

0 (3)

0 (3)

8 (14)

4 (5)

6 (10)

3 (5)

 

1 (2)

7 (9)

1 (1)

SMS + CIS

1 (1)

  

2 (2)

0 (1)

2 (5)

1 (1)

0 (2)

0 (1)

1 (1)

1 (1)

1 (1)

 

SMS + CIS + DSD

 

1 (1)

   

1 (1)

0 (1)

      

SMS + CR

   

1 (1)

 

1 (1)

       

SMS + CR + DSD

     

0 (1)

       

SMS + DS

1 (1)

1 (1)

  

0 (1)

5 (6)

2 (2)

1 (2)

   

1 (1)

1 (1)

SMS + DS + CIS

1 (1)

1 (1)

   

2 (2)

 

0 (1)

0 (1)

   

2 (2)

SMS + DS + DSD

0 (1)

   

1 (1)

0 (1)

0 (1)

  

0 (1)

   

SMS + DSD

2 (2)

1 (2)

 

3 (5)

0 (1)

9 (14)

4 (8)

3 (8)

1 (5)

1 (2)

3 (3)

5 (9)

1 (1)

SMS + DSD + CIS

     

1 (1)

 

0 (1)

1 (1)

1 (1)

 

0 (1)

 

SMS + DSD + CR

     

1 (1)

     

1 (1)

 

SMS + DSD + DS

0 (1)

  

0 (2)

 

2 (5)

0 (2)

0 (1)

   

1 (1)

 

HCO + CIS

1 (1)

    

1 (1)

       

HCO + DSD

   

1 (1)

 

0 (1)

       

CR + DSD

 

0 (1)

  

1 (1)

1 (1)

       
  1. Numbers in cells: number of studies reporting at least one significant outcome (number of studies reporting at least one outcome)
  2. Bold font in cells is where 50% or more of studies reported a significant difference for that category of outcome
  3. CCM Chronic Care Model, CIS clinical information systems, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CR community resources, DS decision support, DSD delivery system design, HCO health care organization, PMOD physiological measure of disease, SMS self-management support
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BMC Primary Care

ISSN: 2731-4553

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