Effectiveness of the EMPOWER-PAR Intervention in Improving Clinical Outcomes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care: A Pragmatic Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial

Table 7 Effectiveness of the EMPOWER-PAR intervention in achieving the primary and secondary outcome measures at 1-year follow-up

Clinical outcome measures		Intervention			Control			Model summary^b
Clinical outcome measures		Baseline %	Follow-up %	Change^a %	Baseline %	Follow-up %	Change^a %	Odds Ratio (95% CI)^c	P value^d
Primary outcome
HbA1c	<6.5%/	15.3	18.3	3.0	17.0	12.9	−4.1	2.16 (1.34, 3.50)	0.002
HbA1c	<48 mmol/mol	15.3	18.3	3.0	17.0	12.9	−4.1	2.16 (1.34, 3.50)	0.002
Secondary outcomes
BP ≤ 130/80 mmHg		24.8	24.4	−0.4	25.9	21.1	−4.8	1.27 (0.91, 1.78)	0.16
BMI < 22.9 kg/m2		15.7	15.4	−0.3	12.7	11.9	−0.8	1.27 (0.70, 2.31)	0.44
WC	<90 cm (M)	11.3	8.8	−2.5	12.5	9.6	−2.9	1.01 (0.53, 1.93)	0.97
WC	<80 cm (F)	11.3	8.8	−2.5	12.5	9.6	−2.9	1.01 (0.53, 1.93)	0.97
TC ≤ 4.5 mmol/L		26.8	29.6	2.8	26.9	29.2	2.3	1.03 (0.74, 1.43)	0.86
TG ≤ 1.7 mmol/L		45.4	46.9	1.5	52.8	52.8	0	0.87 (0.65, 1.18)	0.38
LDL-c ≤ 2.6 mmol/L		31.9	32.5	0.6	31.2	29.8	−1.4	1.15 (0.83, 1.60)	0.41
HDL-c ≥ 1.1 mmol/L		60.9	62.2	1.3	66.7	69.0	2.3	0.79 (0.56, 1.12)	0.19

Intention to treat analysis was performed for primary and secondary outcome measures
^aChange in the proportion of patients achieving clinical outcomes: Follow-up - Baseline
^bEstimates were derived using GEE. Results were adjusted for baseline values and cluster effect
^cOdds for achieving clinical outcome measures in the intervention group compared with control group
^dSignificance of intervention term in model
Bold data represents statistically significant results i.e P value < 0.05

ISSN: 2731-4553