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Table 4 The incidence of clinical- and symptoms-related HIV indicator conditions among HIV cases compared to matched controls

From: The need to scale up HIV indicator condition-guided testing for early case-finding: a case-control study in primary care

Ā 

Cases (Nā€‰=ā€‰224)

Controls (Nā€‰=ā€‰2,193)

Ā 
Ā 

N

%

N

%

OR

95% CI

P value

Clinical diagnosis

Gonorrhoea

33

14.7

5

0.2

77.1

27.3 to 300.3

<0.0001

Syphilis

22

9.8

6

0.3

52.0

17.6 to 208.2

<0.0001

Leukocytopenia*

2

0.9

0

Ā 

24.1

1.9 to āˆž*

0.02

Trichomoniasis

2

0.9

1

0

20.0

1.0 to 1,179.9

0.05

Hepatitis B

9

4.0

4

0.2

22.5

6.3 to 100.0

<0.0001

Hepatitis C

3

1.3

2

0.1

15.0

1.7 to 179.6

0.01

Thrombocytopenia

4

1.8

4

0.2

12.0

2.0 to 83.1

<0.01

Lymphogranuloma venereum

1

0.4

1

0

10.0

0.1 to 785.0

0.35

Mononeuritis

1

0.4

1

0

10.0

0.1 to 785.0

0.35

Cervical dysplasia

6

2.7

11

0.5

8.1

2.0 to 34.6

<0.01

Chlamydia

20

8.9

28

1.3

8.5

4.2 to 17.0

<0.0001

Genital herpes

8

3.6

7

0.3

10.2

3.1 to 33.7

0.0001

Condyloma acuminata

19

8.5

25

1.1

7.9

4.0 to 15.1

<0.0001

Oral candidiasis

3

1.3

7

0.3

4.5

0.7 to 21.3

0.11

Mononucleosis-like illness

3

1.3

6

0.3

4.9

0.8 to 23.1

0.09

Pneumonia

25

11.2

79

3.6

3.6

2.1 to 5.9

<0.0001

Herpes zoster

10

4.5

32

1.5

3.2

1.4 to 6.9

<0.01

Chronic renal impairment*

0

0

3

0.1

2.6

0 to 24.2

1.00

Hepatitis A*

0

0

4

0.2

1.9

0 to 15.1

1.00

Psoriasis

6

2.7

34

1.6

1.8

0.6 to 4.5

0.30

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

7

3.1

60

2.7

1.2

0.4 to 2.8

0.83

Symptoms

Weight loss

7

3.1

19

0.9

3.9

1.3 to 10.1

0.01

Lymphadenopathy

9

4.0

31

1.4

3.2

1.3 to 7.3

0.01

Fever

8

3.6

29

1.3

2.8

1.1 to 6.3

0.03

Diarrhoea

18

8.0

79

3.6

2.5

1.4 to 4.4

<0.01

Peripheral neuropathy

5

2.2

25

1.1

0.7

0.1 to 2.8

0.95

  1. OR estimated with ā€˜Median Unbiased Estimateā€™ displayed with an asterisk (*). āˆžā€‰=ā€‰infinity
  2. Statistical significance indicated in bold