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Table 5 Randomized controlled trials and infection rates

From: Urine sampling techniques in symptomatic primary-care patients: a diagnostic accuracy review

Study

Technique

Patients (n)

Incidence

Index infected (95 % CI)

Reference infected (95 % CI)

Bradbury 1988

MSU vs. MSCC

158

0.25 (0.18-0.31)

0.25 (0.14-0.35)

0.25 (0.16-0.34)

Lifshitz 2000

Random vs. MSCC

242

0.55 (49–61)

0.57 (0.46-0.68)

0.53 (0.45-0.61)

  1. Detailed legend: Infection rates in randomized controlled trials included in the review. 95 % confidence intervals in brackets. MSCC mid-stream clean catch; MSU Mid-stream urine; Random random sample without instruction