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Table 4 Bivariate comparison between specific direct costs (€), FIQ scores, and potential personality disorders (PD)

From: Impact of IPDE-SQ personality disorders on the healthcare and societal costs of fibromyalgia patients: a cross-sectional study

 

N

Medication (M, SD)

Tests (M, SD)

Primary care services (M, SD)

Specialist services (M, SD)

FIQ

 

p = 0.24

p = 0.06

p= 0.02*

p< 0.01*

[15,40]

20

84.5 (113.1)

84.9 (106.1)

81.0 (82.8)

90.4 (83.0)

(40,50]

25

100.1 (133.8)

125.7 (137.3)

123.5 (154.3)

145.2 (196.1)

(50,60]

41

229.9 (544.7)

131.4 (134.8)

103.6 (76.4)

148.5 (109.9)

(60,70]

47

222.3 (284.0)

186.9 (160.6)

183.9 (218.1)

399.6 (532.9)

(70,90]

24

110.4 (208.2)

271.7 (493.5)

240.1 (316.9)

332.5 (358.2)

PD b

 

p = 0.24

p = 0.71

p= 0.03*

P< 0.01*

No

55

132.3 (236.1)

154.3 (155.7)

110.6 (114.5)

156.7 (148.0)

Yes

102

190.6 (382.1)

167.1 (270.2)

169.4 (223.6)

290.9 (423.8)

  1. Note: For each cost variable the table presents its mean (M) and standard deviation (SD)
  2. *p-value for the t-test/ANOVA for differences in costs
  3. bComparisons FMS + PD vs. FMS without PD. We computed Cohen’s d (rule of thumb: 0.20 = small; 0.50 = medium; 0.80 = large). The magnitude of the effect size was small to medium in both primary care services (d = 0.31) and in specialist services (d = 0.38)