Ethnic groupa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Overall N = 144,139 | White N = 135,703 | Asian N = 4539 | Black N = 3897 | |
Presence of chronic painb | ||||
Yes N (%) | 58,785 (40.8) | 54,949 (40.5) | 2081 (45.8) | 1755 (45.0) |
Extent of chronic painb | ||||
0 N (%) | 85,354 (59.2) | 80,754 (59.5) | 2458 (54.2) | 2142 (55.0) |
1 | 32,948 (22.9) | 31,040 (22.9) | 1023 (22.5) | 885 (22.7) |
2–3 | 20,975 (14.6) | 19,554 (14.4) | 791 (17.4) | 630 (16.2) |
4–7 | 3371 (2.3) | 3096 (2.3) | 145 (3.2) | 130 (3.3) |
Pain all over the body | 1491 (1.0) | 1259 (0.9) | 122 (2.7) | 110 (2.8) |
Depression (lifetime history)b | ||||
Yes N (%) | 31,080 (21.6) | 29,957 (22.1) | 584 (12.9) | 539 (13.8) |
Depression and chronic pain statusb | ||||
Free of depression and chronic pain N (%) | 69,942 (48.5) | 65,795 (48.5) | 2214 (48.8) | 1933 (49.6) |
Depression only | 15,412 (10.7) | 14,959 (11.0) | 244 (5.4) | 209 (5.4) |
Chronic pain only | 43,117 (29.9) | 39,951 (29.4) | 1741 (38.4) | 1425 (36.6) |
Chronic pain and depression | 15,668 (10.9) | 14,998 (11.1) | 340 (7.5) | 330 (8.5) |
Sexb | ||||
Female N (%) | 79,596 (53.1) | 72,166 (53.2) | 2122 (46.8) | 2308 (59.2) |
Age (years)b | ||||
Mean (SD) | 56.8 (8.1) | 57.1 (8.1) | 53.6 (8.6) | 52.3 (8.0) |
Townsend Index quintiles | ||||
Missing data N | 230 | 210 | 10 | 10 |
1 (least deprived) N (%) | 24,482 (17.0) | 24,091 (17.8) | 304 (6.7) | 87 (2.24) |
2 | 29,077 (20.2) | 28,557 (21.1) | 351 (7.8) | 169 (4.4) |
3 | 29,978 (20.8) | 28,959 (21.4) | 674 (14.9) | 345 (8.9) |
4 | 32,347 (22.5) | 29,760 (22.0) | 1575 (34.8) | 1012 (26.0) |
5 (most deprived) | 28,025 (19.5) | 24,126 (17.8) | 1625 (35.9) | 2274 (58.5) |
Smoking status | ||||
Missing data N | 445 | 389 | 35 | 21 |
Never N (%) | 80,000 (55.7) | 73,679 (54.5) | 3544 (78.7) | 2777 (71.7) |
Former | 53,717 (37.4) | 52,184 (38.6) | 718 (15.9) | 815 (21.0) |
Current | 9977 (6.9) | 9451 (7.0) | 242 (5.4) | 284 (7.3) |
Frequency of alcohol intake | ||||
Missing data N | 66 | 44 | 15 | 7 |
Daily/almost daily N (%) | 30,118 (20.9) | 29,530 (21.8) | 335 (7.4) | 253 (6.5) |
3–4 times/week | 33,362 (23.2) | 32,552 (24.0) | 412 (9.1) | 397 (10.2) |
1–2 times/week | 36,663 (25.5) | 35,204 (30.0) | 664 (14.7) | 795 (20.4) |
1–3 times/month | 16,190 (11.2) | 15,239 (11.2) | 378 (8.4) | 573 (14.7) |
Special occasions only | 16,376 (11.4) | 14,388 (10.6) | 876 (19.4) | 1112 (28.6) |
Never | 11,364 (7.9) | 8745 (6.5) | 1859 (41.1) | 760 (19.5) |
BMI | ||||
Missing data N | 980 | 765 | 126 | 89 |
Mean (SD) | 27.5 (1.8) | 27.4 (4.7) | 27.0 (4.4) | 29.6 (5.4) |
Morbidity countb | ||||
Mean (SD) | 0.9 (1.0) | 0.8 (1.0) | 0.9 (1.1) | 0.9 (1.0) |
Current depressive symptom score | ||||
Missing data N | 11,511 | 10,018 | 833 | 660 |
Mean (SD) | 1.5 (2.0) | 1.4 (1.9) | 2.5 (2.8) | 2.2 (2.7) |