|
Epilepsy
|
1508 (18.8)
|
10,876 (0.8)
|
31.03 (29.23–32.92)
|
|
Constipation
|
1118 (14.0)
|
35,298 (2.5)
|
11.19 (10.97–12.68)
|
|
Visual impairment
|
258 (3.2)
|
8120 (0.6)
|
7.81 (6.86–8.89)
|
|
Parkinson’s disease and Parkinsonism
|
28 (0.4)
|
2713 (0.2)
|
2.83 (1.95–4.13)
|
|
Hearing loss
|
657 (8.2)
|
54,077 (3.8)
|
2.81 (2.59–3.06)
|
|
Dyspepsia
|
822 (10.3)
|
78,382 (5.5)
|
2.46 (2.28–2.65)
|
|
Psoriasis or eczema
|
132 (1.7)
|
10,237 (0.7)
|
2.42 (2.03–2.87)
|
|
Thyrotoxicosis/thyroid disorders inc hypothyroidism
|
629 (7.9)
|
71,314 (5.0)
|
2.36 (2.173–2.58)
|
|
Bronchiectasis
|
20 (0.3)
|
2794 (0.2)
|
1.68 (1.08–2.61) p = 0.02
|
|
Diabetes
|
531 (6.6)
|
74,300 (5.3)
|
1.63 (1.49–1.79)
|
|
Migraine
|
59 (0.7)
|
9192 (0.7)
|
1.32 (1.02–1.71) p = 0.03
|
|
Active asthma
|
575 (7.2)
|
83,930 (5.9)
|
1.26 (1.16–1.38)
|
|
Painful condition
|
695 (8.7)
|
125,436 (8.9)
|
1.20 (1.10–1.30)
|
|
Stroke or transient ischaemic attack
|
171 (2.1)
|
36,374 (2.6)
|
1.19 (1.02–1.37) p = 0.02
|
|
Glaucoma
|
72 (0.9)
|
15,847 (1.1)
|
1.17 (0.92–1.48) p = 0.18
|
|
Chronic kidney disease
|
135 (1.7)
|
33,431 (2.4)
|
1.11 (0.93–1.32) p = 0.22
|
|
Heart failure
|
82 (1.0)
|
18,817 (1.3)
|
1.11 (0.89–1.43) p = 0.33
|
|
Irritable bowel syndrome
|
248 (3.1)
|
51,889 (5.7)
|
0.97 (0.86–1.11) p = 0.74
|
|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD)
|
209 (2.6)
|
52,898 (3.7)
|
0.84 (0.73–0.97)
|
|
Atrial fibrillation
|
71 (0.9)
|
23,905 (1.7)
|
0.83 (0.61–0.98) p = 0.03
|
|
Viral hepatitis
|
7 (0.1)
|
1168 (0.1)
|
0.82 (0.39–1.74) p = 0.62
|
|
Inflammatory bowel disease
|
40 (0.5)
|
9711 (0.7)
|
0.82 (0.60–1.13) p = 0.23
|
|
Hypertension
|
774 (9.7)
|
233,540 (16.5)
|
0.72 (0.66–0.78)
|
|
Any new cancer in the last 5 years
|
131 (1.6)
|
43,533 (3.1)
|
0.69 (0.58–0.83)
|
|
Prostate disease
|
41 (0.5)
|
15,192 (1.1)
|
0.60 (0.44–0.82) p = 0.01
|
|
Inflammatory arthritis and related conditions inc gout
|
151 (2.2)
|
57,857 (4.1)
|
0.57 (0.48–0.67)
|
|
Cirrhosis/chronic liver disease/alcoholic liver disease
|
7 (0.1)
|
2605 (0.2)
|
0.49 (0.23–1.04) p = 0.06
|
|
Multiple sclerosis
|
9 (0.1)
|
3838 (0.3)
|
0.49 (0.25–0.96) p = 0.03
|
|
Diverticular disease
|
66 (0.8)
|
33,747 (2.4)
|
0.49 (0.39–0.63)
|
|
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
|
46 (0.7)
|
23,194 (1.6)
|
0.44 (0.33–0.60)
|
|
Chronic sinusitis
|
24 (0.3)
|
9141 (0.6)
|
0.44 (0.26–0.62)
|
|
Coronary heart disease
|
160 (2.0)
|
81,307 (5.7)
|
0.43 (0.37–0.51)
|
