Table 1 Patient characteristics
Characteristicsa | Overallb(n = 315) | Antibiotic treatment (n = 69) | No antibiotic treatment (n = 241) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | ||||
Age, years (SD) | 51.1 (18.2) | 56.2 (19.0) | 49.7 (17.8) | 0.02 |
Women, n (%) | 180 (57.1) | 37 (53.6) | 141 (58.0) | 0.47 |
Smoker, n (%), n = 309 | 85 (27.5) | 19 (27.9) | 65 (27.3) | 0.92 |
Nationality, n (%), n = 314 | 0.79 | |||
Switzerland | 258 (82.2) | 57 (82.6) | 198 (82.5) | |
Europe | 43 (13.7) | 10 (14.9) | 31 (12.9) | |
Other | 13 (4.1) | 2 (2.9) | 11 (4.6) | |
Demand for antibioticsc, n (%), n = 141 | 11 (3.4) | 11 (15.9) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
Symptoms | ||||
Days of cough, n (SD), n = 311 | 6.7 (4.5) | 7.9 (4.9) | 6.4 (4.4) | 0.02 |
Sputum, n (%), | 167 (53.0) | 42 (60.9) | 124 (51.5) | 0.17 |
Rhinitis, n (%) | 169 (53.7) | 30 (43.5) | 138 (57.3) | 0.04 |
Sore throat, n (%) | 103 (32.7) | 18 (26.1) | 84 (34.9) | 0.17 |
Fever, n (%) | 115 (36.5) | 31 (44.9) | 84 (34.9) | 0.13 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | 0.09 | |||
Cardiovascular | 57 (18.1) | 18 (26.1) | 39 (16.2) | |
Metabolic | 12 (3.8) | 4 (5.8) | 7 (2.9) | |
Other | 33 (10.5) | 9 (13.0) | 24 (10.0) | |
None | 213 (67.6) | 38 (55.1) | 171 (71.0) | |
Findings | ||||
Lung auscultation, n (%), n = 314 | 0.001 | |||
Rhonchi | 36 (11.5) | 16 (23.2) | 19 (7.9) | |
Wheezing | 29 (9.2) | 10 (14.5) | 19 (7.9) | |
Other | 29 (9.2) | 6 (8.7) | 22 (9.2) | |
Normal auscultation | 220 (70.1) | 36 (53.7) | 181 (74.8) | |
Laboratory done, n (%) | 219 (69.5) | 56 (81.1) | 162 (67.2) | 0.03 |
Haemoglobin, g/l (SD) | 141.0 (14.1) | 136.3 (13.0) | 143.0 (13.9) | 0.003 |
White blood cells, G/l (SD) | 7.3 (2.6) | 8.7 (3.0) | 6.9 (2.3) | <0.001 |
CRP, mg/dl (SD) | 25.0 (38.8) | 61.2 (60.5) | 12.5 (12.3) | <0.001 |
Chest X-ray done, n (%) | 36 (11.6) | 22 (21.9) | 14 (5.8) | <0.001 |
Infiltrate visible, n (%) | 12 (33.3) | 12 (54.6) | 0 (0) | 0.001 |