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Table 2 New Model of dimensions of readiness of practices to participate in research

From: Defining dimensions of research readiness: a conceptual model for primary care research networks

 

Dimension of readiness

Key attribute(s)

Health System & Research network activity to promote research readiness

   

Existing

New activity required

1

Data

Coded data that identifies:

Pay-for-performance (P4P) has improved (but also distorted) data quality

Active engagement in data quality (of cases & likely controls)

Denominator

Cases (& controls)

Inclusion & exclusion criteria

2

Records

Data are extractable

Networks that extract data (research databases)

Validation of extracts is required: these can have errors and be inconsistent.

One-off (MIQUEST) extraction

Practice searches (EPR vendor search tool)

3

Organisational

Health system readiness

Legislation (Health & Social Care Act 2012)

Engagement with local primary care structures (Health service localities; Medical primary care societies etc.)

Socio-cultural

Government/Health ministry promotion of bioscience research

Incentive schemes for practices

4

Governance

Research governance (RG)

RG emphasis of existing scheme

Educational programme

Good Clinical Practice (for trials)

Information governance

Some confusion about “Opt out”

Practice has legal responsibility as the Data Controller in the UK (Data Protection Act)

New national guidance about personal data is required.

5

Study

Impossible to cover all eventualities

Data quality for the specific study

Responsive support, direct data collection from patients may be possible

Demographic data

6

Business

Tipped in favour or participation

Mechanism for funding research (e.g. some practices reluctant to carry out studies sponsored by pharmaceutical industry)

Standard payments

Use quality improvement studies to promote research-relevant activities

Level of funding and whether provides sufficient incentive to participants

Develop intangible resources

(social/relationship capital)

Feasibility of study being incorporated into existing workload

Any risk/perceived risk (e.g. new drug)

7

Patient

Information consent

Individual expectation to participate in research/“pre-consent” models

Learn how to take consent

Develop intangible resources (relationships with practices)

Volunteer patient cohorts

Single disease (e.g. diabetes), where there may be an associated primary care clinic

Patient-practice culture & ethos about participating in research

Track record – previous experience of delivering projects - type, clinical domain, number of cases