| OR | 95% CI | P - value |
---|---|---|---|
Race | Â | Â | 0.001 |
  Chinese | ref |  |  |
  Malay | 1.600 | 1.152, 2.223 | 0.005 |
  Indian | 1.936 | 1.320, 2.839 | 0.001 |
  Others | 0.756 | 0.346, 1.652 | 0.483 |
Duration of DM | Â | Â | <0.001 |
  <5 years | ref |  |  |
  5 – 10 years | 1.567 | 1.250, 1.965 | <0.001 |
  >10 years | 4.017 | 1.928, 8.369 | <0.001 |
Treatment of diabetes | Â | Â | <0.001 |
  Diet only | ref |  |  |
  Oral anti-diabetic agents only | 8.103 | 3.777, 17.382 | <0.001 |
  Insulin only | 18.891 | 5.774, 61.808 | <0.001 |
  Both oral and insulin | 46.202 | 17.204,124.007 | <0.001 |
Total cholesterol | Â | Â | Â |
  Not achieved | 1.291 | 1.040, 1.603 | 0.020 |
  Achieved | ref |  |  |
Triglyceride status | Â | Â | Â |
  Not achieved | 1.788 | 1.453, 2.199 | <0.001 |
  Achieved | ref |  |  |