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Table 2 Theme count

From: General practice training and virtual communities of practice - a review of the literature

Probst and Borzillo Theme

Theme description

Comments supportive of theme

Comments non-supportive of theme

Supportive count

Negative count

Total count

Leadership

The organisation can designate leadership roles to motivate community members to collaborate

Andrew 2009, Booth 2007, Tolson 2005, Tolson 2008, Brooks 2006**,Brooks 2006*, Curran 2009, Falkman 2008**, Falkman 2008*, Hara 2007, Ho 2010, Li 2009, Nagy 2006, Penn 2008, Russell 2004, Poissant 2010, Poole 2008, Thomas 2010

Booth 2007, Sharma 2006, Valaitis 2011, Rolls 2007

18

4

22

Objectives

Clear objectives provide members with responsibilities and motivates them to contribute more actively

Andrew 2009, Booth 2007, Falkman 2008**, Falkman 2008*, Hara 2007, Ho 2010, Li 2009, Penn 2005, Russell 2004, Poissant 2010, Poole 2008, Thomas 2010, Rolls 2007, Perotta 2006, Tolson 2005, Tolson 2008

Brooks 2006*, Nagy 2006 Penn 2005

15

3

18

Sponsorship

Senior executives need to provide sponsorship to help communities reach their full potential

Andrew 2009, Booth 2007, Tolson 2008, Brooks 2006**,Brooks 2006*, Russell 2004, Poissant 2010, Poole 2008, Sharma 2006, Thomas 2010, Tolson 2005, Rolls 2007

 

12

0

12

Boundary Spanning

Boundary spanning enables members to engage in internal and external benchmarking practices

Andrew 2009, Booth 2007,Falkman 2008*, Tolson 2008, Tolson 2005, Curran 2009, Ho 2010, Penn 2008, Russell 2004, Poole 2008, Poissant 2010, Rolls 2007,Thomas 2010

Andrew 2009, Perrotta 2006, Valaitis 2011

12

3

14

Risk-free environment

COPs should be used as an especially valuable opportunity to express and test ideas in an informal and risk-free environment, thus requiring a strong degree of safety and intimacy between members

Tolson 2005,Tolson 2008, Brooks 2006*, Hara 2007, Nagy 2006, Penn 2008, Sharma 2006

Penn 2008, Valaitis 2011

6

2

8

Measurements

Empirical evidence suggests the use of measurements to assess the value of communities of practice

Andrew 2009, Booth 2007, Tolson 2008, Brooks 2006*, Curran 2009, Hara 2007

 

6

0

6

Technology ***

Technology enablers (points supportive of this theme) and barriers (points against this theme)

Andrew 2009, Falkman 2008**, Falkman 2008*, Booth 2007, Tolson 2005,Tolson 2008, Brooks 2006**, Brooks 2006 *, Hara 2007, Ho 2010, Nagy 2006, Penn 2008, Russell 2004, Poole 2008, Sharma 2006, Valaitis 2011, Rolls 2007, Poissant 2010,

Andrew 2009, Brooks 2006**, Brooks 2006*, Curran 2009, Sharma 2006, Tolson 2005, Valaitis 2011

16

7

23

Community ***

Points which build community (supportive) and reduce community (against)

Booth 2007, Poissant 2010, Thomas 2010, Falkman 2008*, Brooks 2006**, Brooks 2006*, Poissant 2010, Rolls 2007, Curran 2009, Hara 2007, Ho 2010, Li 2009, Nagy 2006, Penn 2008, Russell 2004, Thomas 2010, Perotta 2006, Poole 2008, Tolson 2005, Tolson 2008

Hara 2007, Sharma 2006

19

2

21

  1. Brooks 2006* = Nursing and Health Management and Policy.
  2. Brooks 2006** = International Journal of Nursing Studies.
  3. Falkman 2008* = Journal of Medical Internet Research.
  4. Falkman 2008** = Studies in Health Technology and Informatics.
  5. *** = Technology and Community are two extra themes added by the authors of this literature review and do not appear in Probst and Borzillo’s model (See Table 3).