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Table 3 Diagnostic value of the cardiovascular risk profile, known cardiovascular history and the clinical examination for low ABI.

From: To screen or not to screen for peripheral arterial disease in subjects aged 80 and over in primary health care: a cross-sectional analysis from the BELFRAIL study

Test

Sens, % (95% CI)

Spec, % (95% CI)

NPV, % (95% CI)

PPV, % (95% CI)

Missed cases (%)

Negative ABI (%)

CV risk factor*, n ≥ 1

92.9 (84.1-97.6)

12.4 (6.8-20.2)

72.2 (46.5-90.2)

41.4 (33.6-49.5)

5/70 (7.1)

92/157 (58.6)

CV morbidity*, n ≥ 1

65.7 (53.4-76.7)

48.6 (38.7-58.5)

68.0 (56.2-78.3)

46.0 (36.0-56.3)

24/70 (34.3)

54/100 (54.0)

CV morbidity*, n ≥ 3

27.1 (17.2-39.1)

92.4 (85.5-96.6)

65.5 (57.3-73.2)

70.4 (49.8-86.2)

51/70 (72.9)

8/27 (29.6)

Cardiac morbidity, n ≥ 1

60.0 (47.6-71.5)

61.0 (50.9-70.3)

69.6 (59.1-78.7)

50.6 (39.4-61.8)

28/70 (40.0)

41/83 (49.4)

Other CV morbidity, n ≥ 1

30 (19.6-42.1)

80 (71.1-87.2)

63.2 (54.4-71.4)

50.0 (34.2-65.8)

49/70 (70.0)

21/42 (50.0)

Clinical examination$

45.7 (35.4-56.3)

79.8 (74.0-84.9)

77.7 (71.8-82.9)

48.9 (38.1-59.8)

51/94 (54.3)

45/88 (51.1)

Cardiac morbidity* (n ≥ 1) AND Clinical examination$

35.1 (25.5-45.6)

87.0 (81.9-91.1)

76.1 (70.4-81.2)

53.2 (40.1-66.0)

61/94 (64.9)

29/62 (46.8)

  1. *Prevalence of ABI < 0.90 was 40%, $ Prevalence of ABI < 0.9 was 29.7%. ABI: ankle-brachial index; Sens: sensitivity; CI: confidence interval; Spec: specificity; NPV: negative predictive value; PPV: positive predictive value; CV: cardiovascular.