From: Informed citizen and empowered citizen in health: results from an European survey
 | Suggestions or queries on diagnosis or treatment to health professional | Changing the use of medicine without consulting a health professional | Making, cancelling or changing na appointment with health professional | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Oddsratio | CI (95%) | P-value | Oddsratio | CI (95%) | P-value | Oddsratio | CI (95%) | P-value |
Male | 0.88 | 0.76-1.01 | 0.072 | 1.16 | 0.87-1.55 | 0.323 | 1.11 | 0.91-1.37 | 0.296 |
Female | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age | Â | Â | 0.034 | Â | Â | 0.499 | Â | Â | 0.010 |
15-25 | 1.59 | 1.02-2.47 | 0.04 | 0.96 | 0.44-2.08 | 0.916 | 1.36 | 0.75-2.47 | 0.304 |
26-35 | 1.68 | 1.1-2.57 | 0.016 | 0.68 | 0.32-1.46 | 0.327 | 1.09 | 0.61-1.93 | 0.778 |
36-45 | 1.38 | 0.9-2.13 | 0.14 | 0.61 | 0.28-1.34 | 0.22 | 0.7 | 0.38-1.27 | 0.24 |
46-55 | 1.27 | 0.83-1.95 | 0.279 | 0.66 | 0.31-1.42 | 0.289 | 0.95 | 0.53-1.71 | 0.873 |
56-65 | 1.18 | 0.76-1.81 | 0.46 | 0.61 | 0.28-1.35 | 0.226 | 0.82 | 0.45-1.49 | 0.511 |
66-80 | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
Education | Â | Â | 0.168 | Â | Â | 0.379 | Â | Â | 0.370 |
Higher education | 1.21 | 0.96-1.52 | 0.109 | 0.87 | 0.54-1.38 | 0.547 | 0.89 | 0.64-1.23 | 0.48 |
A-Level | 1.22 | 0.99-1.5 | 0.065 | 1.1 | 0.73-1.65 | 0.649 | 1.05 | 0.79-1.4 | 0.724 |
Below A-Level | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
Kids at home (< 18) | 1.03 | 0.88-1.21 | 0.676 | 1.22 | 0.88-1.67 | 0.231 | 1.15 | 0.92-1.43 | 0.223 |
No kids at home | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
Place of living | Â | Â | 0.130 | Â | Â | 0.727 | Â | Â | 0.150 |
City | 1.09 | 0.84-1.4 | 0.53 | 0.86 | 0.53-1.41 | 0.556 | 1.26 | 0.87-1.82 | 0.214 |
Minor city or suburbs of a big city | 1.05 | 0.81-1.36 | 0.703 | 0.76 | 0.46-1.26 | 0.284 | 1.02 | 0.7-1.49 | 0.906 |
Village | 1.28 | 0.98-1.67 | 0.065 | 0.88 | 0.53-1.47 | 0.633 | 0.96 | 0.65-1.41 | 0.82 |
Rural/scattered house | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
Work situation | Â | Â | 0.147 | Â | Â | 0.119 | Â | Â | 0.310 |
Student | 0.8 | 0.6-1.08 | 0.144 | 0.58 | 0.33-1.04 | 0.067 | 0.77 | 0.51-1.14 | 0.186 |
Working | 1.04 | 0.85-1.29 | 0.691 | 0.99 | 0.66-1.49 | 0.967 | 1 | 0.75-1.33 | 0.993 |
Not at work | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Disable or with diagnosis | 1.03 | 0.82-1.29 | 0.813 | 1.12 | 0.74-1.71 | 0.588 | 1.26 | 0.93-1.7 | 0.129 |
No | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
Relative disable or with diagnosis | 1.12 | 0.95-1.31 | 0.182 | 0.97 | 0.7-1.34 | 0.85 | 1.15 | 0.92-1.43 | 0.221 |
No | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Subjective health | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | 0.030 | Â | Â | 0.466 |
Good | 0.48 | 0.32-0.74 | <.001 | 0.71 | 0.34-1.48 | 0.362 | 0.82 | 0.48-1.4 | 0.478 |
Fair | 0.69 | 0.45-1.06 | 0.09 | 1.13 | 0.54-2.35 | 0.752 | 0.95 | 0.55-1.64 | 0.86 |
Bad | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
One or more visits to GP in the previous year | 1.75 | 1.42-2.15 | <.001 | 1.26 | 0.8-1.98 | 0.311 | 1.77 | 1.26-2.49 | <.001 |
No visits to GP in the previous year | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
Use of the Internet to interact with unknown HP | Â | Â | 0.026 | Â | Â | 0.041 | Â | Â | 0.132 |
Established | 1.19 | 0.88-1.62 | 0.257 | 0.88 | 0.5-1.55 | 0.655 | 0.8 | 0.53-1.21 | 0.292 |
Infrequent | 1.27 | 1.06-1.52 | 0.009 | 1.5 | 1.07-2.11 | 0.019 | 1.19 | 0.94-1.52 | 0.152 |
No | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
Use of the Internet to participate in forums or self help groups | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | 0.002 | Â | Â | <.001 |
Established | 1.75 | 1.31-2.35 | <.001 | 2.34 | 1.48-3.7 | <.001 | 1.73 | 1.21-2.47 | 0.003 |
Infrequent | 1.47 | 1.21-1.78 | <.001 | 1.04 | 0.7-1.55 | 0.844 | 1.52 | 1.18-1.97 | 0.001 |
No | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
Use of the Internet to order medicines or other products related to health | Â | Â | 0.002 | Â | Â | 0.151 | Â | Â | <.001 |
Established | 1.9 | 1.31-2.74 | <.001 | 1.75 | 1.02-3.03 | 0.044 | 2.16 | 1.43-3.25 | <.001 |
Infrequent | 1.08 | 0.88-1.31 | 0.467 | 1.03 | 0.69-1.54 | 0.869 | 1.65 | 1.28-2.12 | <.001 |
No | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |
Use of the Internet to read about health and illness | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | 0.331 | Â | Â | 0.052 |
Established | 2.59 | 1.9-3.52 | <.001 | 1.6 | 0.81-3.18 | 0.174 | 1.7 | 1.04-2.78 | 0.033 |
Infrequent | 1.57 | 1.16-2.14 | 0.004 | 1.41 | 0.72-2.78 | 0.318 | 1.45 | 0.89-2.36 | 0.14 |
No | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â | 1 | Â | Â |