| |
Normal mental status*#∞§
|
Normal to altered mental status*#∞§ ±
|
Normal, altered to comatose mental status *# $ ∞ ± Φ
|
Y (7/8)
|
Hospital± ∞
|
| |
Normal*# to slight increase in thirst#*∞$
|
Thirsty #∞*$
|
Greatly increased thirst or drinking poorly or not at all$*#∞
|
N (4/8)
|
Hospital∞
|
| |
Normal to slightly elevated heart rate#∞$§
|
Heart rate normal to increased #∞$§Φ
|
Tachycardia, (with bradycardia in most severe cases)#$ ∞§
|
Y (5/8)
|
Hospital ∞Φ
|
| |
Normal pulse quality#∞§
|
Quality of pulses normal§ to decreased #∞ΦΨ
|
Weak, thready or impalpable pulses#∞§
|
Y (7/8)
|
Hospital ∞ΦΨ
|
| |
Normal breathing∞§
|
Normal, fast or deep (acidotic± ) breathing #§Φ Ψ
|
Deep (acidotic± ) breathing #Φ§ ±
|
Y (5/8)
|
Hospital ΦΨ ± §
|
| |
No sunken eyes*#∞§
|
Sunken eyes ±#∞*$§Φ
|
(deeply) sunken eyes*$ ∞# ±
|
Y (7/8)
|
Hospital ± Φ∞§
|
|
Diagnosis
|
Normal/present tears#∞
|
Decreased± # or absent ΦΨ tears∞
|
Absent tears#∞ ±
|
Y (5/8)
|
Hospital ± Φ∞
|
| |
Moist#§ to slightly dry∞$ mucous membranes
|
Dry mucous membranes# ± ∞$§Φ
|
Very dry mucous membrane#$ ∞
|
Y (6/8)
|
Hospital ± Φ∞§
|
| |
Immediate skin pinch*#§
|
Skin pinch in 1- 2 seconds (decreased) # ± *∞$§ΦΨ
|
Very low skin pinch (>2 seconds)*∞#$ ±
|
Y (8/8)
|
Hospital Ψ ± Φ§
|
| |
Normal capillary refill#∞§
|
Normal§ to prolonged capillary refill #∞ΦΨ
|
Prolonged or minimal capillary refill#∞§
|
Y (5/8)
|
Hospital ΨΦ§∞
|
| |
Warm extremities#§
|
Warm§ to cool extremities #ΦΨ
|
Cold, mottled or cyanotic extremities# $ ± §
|
Y (6/8)
|
Hospital Ψ ± Φ
|
| |
Urine output normal#§ to slightly decreased∞$
|
Decreased urine output#∞$§
|
Minimal (to no) urine output#$∞
|
N (4/8)
|
Hospital ∞
|
| |
"No signs"±
|
Normal blood pressure∞§
|
Hypotension/circulatory collapse$ ± ∞§
|
N (4/8)
|
Hospital ∞
|
| |
Normal anterior fontanel∞
|
Sunken anterior fontanel ∞$Φ
|
Very sunken anterior fontanel$∞
|
N (3/8)
|
Hospital ∞Φ
|
| |
(Premixed) reduced osmolarity or hypotonic ORS should be used for rehydration*#$ ± §ΦΨ
|
Y (7/8)
|
In/outpatient $± §ΦΨ
|
| |
Continue breastfeeding throughout rehydration Φ ± §Ψ$∞ #*
|
Y (8/8)
|
In/outpatient Φ ± §Ψ
|
| |
Start age-appropriate diet during∞ or after initial rehydration Φ ± §Ψ$#*
|
Y (7/8)
|
In/outpatient Φ ± §Ψ$∞#
|
| |
High sugar beverages, canned or carbonated drinks should be avoided #ΦΨ$§*
|
Y (6/8)
|
Hospital §Ψ
|
| |
Dilution of formula and the use of milk-free formula is unnecessary Φ ± §Ψ$#*
|
Y (7/8)
|
Hospital §∞Ψ$
|
| |
Antiemetics are discouraged *#Φ∞§Ψ
|
Y (6/8)
|
In/outpatient Ψ§Φ
|
| |
Racedotril is not (yet) recommended Φ§#
|
N (3/8)
|
Hospital Φ§#
|
|
Therapy
|
Racedotril may be useful∞Ψ
|
N (2/8)
|
Hospital ∞Ψ
|
| |
Ondansetron is not (yet) recommended Φ§#
|
N (3/8)
|
Hospital Φ§
|
| |
Antidiarrheals should not be used/have no benefit*Φ∞Ψ§ ±
|
Y (6/8)
|
In/outpatient ΦΨ§ ∇
|
| |
Zinc supplementation is not (yet) recommended for developed countriesا#
|
N (3/8)
|
In/outpatient §Ψ
|
| |
Probiotics can be used/considered ∞Ψ /do not have to be discouraged Φ
|
N (3/8)
|
In/outpatient ∞Ψ Φ
|
| |
Probiotics are not recommended §
|
N (1/8)
|
In/outpatient §
|
| |
Prebiotics are not recommended Ψ
|
N (1/8)
|
Outpatient Ψ
|
