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Table 4 Factors associated with the presence of mood disorder (univariate analysis)

From: Medically unexplained pain complaints are associated with underlying unrecognized mood disorders in primary care

Variable

Level

N

OR

CI (95%)

p-value

Sex

Female vs Male

3076

1.51

(1.5; 1.83)

<0.0001

Age (years)

< 30

2720

1a

 

0.0920

 

30-39

 

1.29

(0.84; 4.12)

 
 

40-49

 

1.48

(0.56; 1.93)

 
 

50-59

 

1.04

(0.73; 2.35)

 
 

60-69

 

1.31

(0.59; 1.84)

 
 

70-79

 

1.04

(0.83; 2.63)

 
 

≥ 80

 

1.86

(0.70; 2.38)

 

Pain intensity

No pain (VAS ≤ 40)

3189

1a

 

<0.0001

 

Moderate pain (VAS 41-70)

 

1.37

(1.11; 1.68)

 
 

Severe pain (VAS >70)

 

1.95

(1.51; 2.53)

 

Duration of pain (months)

> 2 years

1393

1a

 

0.2824

 

< 6 months vs >2 years

 

1.21

(0.85; 1.73)

 
 

Between 6-12 months vs > 2 years

 

1.28

(0.88; 1.87)

 
 

Between 1-2 years vs > 2 years

 

0.91

(0.63; 1.31)

 

NSAIDs

Yes vs No

3189

0.67

(0.52; 0.86)

0.0018

Analgesic opioids

Yes vs No

3189

1.07

(0.79; 1.46)

0.6600

Anticonvulsionants

Yes vs No

3189

1.03

(0.62; 1.71)

0.9181

Anxiolitics

Yes vs No

3189

1.56

(1.27; 1.91)

<0.0001

Headache

Yes vs No

3189

1.66

(1.39; 1.99)

<0.0001

Neck pain

Yes vs No

3189

1.70

(1.41; 2.04)

<0.0001

Back pain

Yes vs No

3189

1.66

(1.38; 1.99)

<0.0001

Limb pain

Yes vs No

3189

1.24

(1.04; 1.48)

0.0165

Joint pain

Yes vs No

3189

1.52

(1.27; 1.81)

<0.0001

Identification of the cause of pain

No vs Yes

3011

1.72

(1.44; 2.06)

<0.0001

Pain duration in the last week (percentage of the day in pain)

 

3189

1.02

(1.01; 1.02)

<0.0001

Number of pain sites

1

2959

1a

 

<0.0001

 

2

 

1.21

(0.87;1.67)

 
 

3

 

1.71

(1.23; 2.36)

 
 

4

 

1.91

(1.36;2.68)

 
 

5

 

2.54

(1.86;3.47)

 
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