Table 2 Factors associated with depressed mood in those experiencing pain
Characteristic | N with depressed mood | % with depressed mood | Unadjusted odds ratio | 95% Confidence intervals | p value | Adjusted Odds ratio | 95% Confidence intervals | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | 25/155 | 16.1 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 2.9 | 0.3 |
Female | 55/243 | 22.6 | ||||||||
Aged 65–74 | 41/213 | 19.2 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 0.65 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 0.8 |
Aged 75 & over | 39/185 | 21.1 | ||||||||
Daily pain | 42/156 | 21.2 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 0.35 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 3.6 | 0.2 |
Less than daily | 30/143 | 17.3 | ||||||||
Mild pain | 34/206 | 16.5 | ||||||||
Moderate pain | 36/162 | 22.2 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 2.3 | 0.06 | 1.0 | 0.55 | 1.5 | 0.7 |
Severe pain | 9/26 | 34.6 | ||||||||
Analgesics at least 3 times/week | 37/163 | 22.7 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.2 |
Living alone | 25/139 | 18.0 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 3.3 | 0.2 |
Memory problems | 16/40 | 20.5 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 3.9 | 0.001 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 5.4 | 0.1 |
Polypharmacy | 42/174 | 24.1 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 2.7 | 0.05 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 0.5 |
Difficulties with BADL | 12/24 | 50.0 | 4.4 | 1.9 | 10.3 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 7.8 | 0.05 |
Difficulties with IADL | 44/166 | 26.5 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 3.1 | 0.01 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 2.2 | 0.9 |
Recent change in activities | 59/257 | 23.0 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 3.0 | 0.07 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 0.9 |
Recent decrease in activities | 50/207 | 24.2 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 3.1 | 0.025 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 0.5 |
At risk of social isolation | 22/58 | 37.9 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 5.6 | < 0.0001 | 4.3 | 1.8 | 10.4 | 0.001 |
Basic education only | 60/227 | 26.4 | 3.0 | 1.7 | 5.3 | < 0.0001 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 4.4 | 0.03 |
Receives only state pension | 47/270 | 17.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.09 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 0.30 |